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Blood Transfusions, Music as Disease, Extreme Taxidermy, Oscillating Beams, Plastic Surgery and Anthropomorphic Mouse Taxidermy Workshops: Morbid Anatomy Presents at London’s Last Tuesday Society

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm

I am very excited (and also slightly saddened) to announce the lineup for the final two weeks of programming of Morbid Anatomy Presents series at London's Last Tuesday Society.

Tonight--Thursday September 20th--please join us as veritable-force-of-nature Paul Craddock regales us with "A Most Unexpected History of Blood Transfusion." Next week, on Tuesday the 25th, we will host Wellcome Trust Research Fellow Dr. James Kennaway for "Bad Vibrations: The History of the idea of Music as a Disease." The following night Pat Morris--Observatory favorite and author of the book on anthropomorphic taxidermist Walter Potter--will be lecturing on "extreme" (read: human and monumental) taxidermy. The next night, Strange Attractor's Mark Pilkington will tell the tale of "Royal Raymond Rife and his Oscillating Beam Ray." On Sunday the 30th, wax artist and good friend Eleanor Crook will discuss plastic surgery of the world wars, and, finally, we have Sue Jeiven with her über-popular anthropomorphic taxidermy classes on the afternoons of Thursday the 27,  Saturday the 29th, and Sunday the 30th.

Come for the events, and linger around following to sip some lovely Hendricks Gin and peruse the current exhibition "Ecstatic Raptures and Immaculate Corpses: Visions of Death Made Beautiful in Italy" --featuring my own photographs and waxworks by artist Eleanor Crook and Sigrid Sarda--on view through the end of the month.

More on all events below; and please note: all events will take place at The Last Tuesday Society, 11 Mare Street, London, E8 4RP (map here). Hope to see you at one or more of these terrific events!

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TONIGHT Thursday the 20th September 2012
Paul Craddock on "A Most Unexpected History of Blood Transfusion"
Doors at 6 pm, Show commences at 7 pm

Those living in Britain (who owned a television set) about ten years ago might remember Sean Bean before he became a famous movie star. Apart from his appearance in Sharpe, he starred in a television advertisement for the National Blood Foundation, prompting people in his thick Yorkshire accent to ‘do something amazing today’; ’save a life’ by giving blood. The foundation’s message is still the same, though Sean Bean has moved onto other projects such as Lord of the Rings. In any case, this illustrated lecture is about just that: the transfusion of blood and its many meanings. But it focuses on a much earlier (and stranger) period of transfusion history when saving a life was only one reason to transfuse blood - from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth.

The association between blood and life is a very easy one to make and seems to span all cultures and time periods, as does the very idea of swapping blood from one person to another. But what it means to swap one being’s blood with another’s - and why this might be attempted - has radically changed. It is only very recently, (around the turn of the twentieth century), that blood was transfused in order to purposefully replace lost blood. For the majority of this history, this was most certainly not the case. In the seventeenth century, transfusions of lamb’s blood were made to calm mad patients and, in the nineteenth century, blood was transfused in order to restore a portion of an invisible living principle living inside of it. This lecture explores from where these ideas came and the ways in which bits of them might linger in our own ideas of transfusion.

Paul Craddock is currently writing on pre-20th century transplant surgery and transfusion at the London Consortium working under Prof. Steven Connor (University of London) and Prof. Holly Tucker (Vanderbilt University, Nashville). After four years studying music and performing arts, living in rural China, and working for the National Health Service, Paul made the switch to cultural and medical history. He has never had a transplant and never received a transfusion - his interest in these procedures come from thinking about generally how we relate to the material world by making bodily transactions. He has lectured in the UK, Europe, and the USA

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Tuesday the 25th September 2012
Bad Vibrations: The History of the idea of Music as a Disease with Dr James Kennaway
Doors at 6 pm, Show commences at 7 pm

Despite most people believing music to have beneficial and even healing properties, Dr Kennaway's research shows a darker side to the art. For the last two hundred years many doctors, critics, and writers have suggested that certain kinds of music have the power to cause neurosis, madness, hysteria, and even death. Dr Kennaway explores the claims: is it true that Wagner's compositions make listeners feel homosexual urges? Was Patty Hearst really brainwashed into robbing banks by loud rock music? And does the US Army really play Metallica's 'Enter Sandman' as a form of torture?

Dr James Kennaway is a Wellcome Trust Research Fellow at the Centre for the History of Medicine and Disease at Durham University. He studied at LSE and the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine before completing a Master's at King's College, London and a PhD at UCLA in 2004. Since then he has worked at the University of Vienna, Stanford University and the Viadrina University in Frankfurt-an-der-Oder, Germany. In January 2009 he began a Wellcome Research Fellowship at the University of Durham.

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Wednesday the 26th September 2012
EXTREME TAXIDERMY - Elephants and Humans With Dr. Pat Morris

Doors at 6 pm, Show commences at 7 pm

After his highly acclaimed general lectures on the history of taxidermy Pat Morris will return to talk in more detail about two areas of special interest. Preserving a full-sized elephant represents the 'Mount Everest' of taxidermy. It is a challenge not only to the taxidermist's artistry (in attempting to make an accurate representation of the living animal) but it is also a serious engineering problem to handle such a large and heavy item. Taxidermy methods can be applied to humans, but our species is rarely preserved in this way and very few 'stuffed' humans exist. Even the suggestion that people might be preserved like this is abhorrent to many, and the results of attempting the task can cause extreme controversy. Come and hear more and perhaps debate some of the ethical issues that arise".

Dr. Pat Morris is a retired staff member of Royal Holloway College (University of London), where he taught biology undergraduates and supervised research on mammal ecology. In that capacity he has published many books and scientific papers and featured regularly in radio and TV broadcasts. The history of taxidermy has been a lifelong hobby interest and he has published academic papers and several books on the subject. With his wife Mary he has travelled widely, including most of Europe and the USA, seeking interesting taxidermy specimens and stories. They live in England where their house is home to the largest collection and archive of
historical taxidermy in Britain.

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Thursday the 27th September 2012
Mark Pilkington on "Royal Raymond Rife and his Oscillating Beam Ray"
Doors at 6 pm, Show commences at 7 pm

In the early 1930s, Dr Royal Raymond Rife, an American optics engineer, claimed to be achieving theoretically impossible optical magnifications of over 30,000 times - 10 times more powerful than today's best microscopes.

Soon after, Rife announced that he could destroy bacteria by blasting them with electromagnetic waves oscillating at frequencies specific to each target organism. According to his supporters, Rife cured significant numbers of people infected with a number of common but dangerous infections, including typhoid, salmonella and influenza. But his most controversial claim was that his device could kill the virus-like organisms, which he dubbed "BX", responsible for cancer. Rife and his team claimed to have cured 15 "hopeless" cancer patients after 60 days' treatment.

Rife's ray tube system was installed in several clinics and his results were corroborated by numerous scientists and doctors. In 1939 he was invited to address the Royal Society of Medicine, which had also approved his findings, and he subsequently formed the Rife Ray Beam Tube Corporation, to build models for hospitals and clinics.

But with the death of one of his key supporters, Rife found himself under sudden and prolonged assault from the American Medical Association, who banned use of his beam ray to treat patients. Within a year the dream was over, Rife a broken man. To this day it remains unclear why the AMA turned on Rife, a pharmaceutical conspiracy being an obvious, if paranoid conclusion.

Mark Pilkington is a writer, publisher, curator and musician with particular interest in the fringes of knowledge, culture and belief. Mark runs Strange Attractor Press and his writing has also been published in numerous magazines and anthologies, including The Anomalist, Fortean Times, Frieze, Sight & Sound, The Wire, the Time Out Book of London Walks Vol.2 and London Noir.

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Sunday the 30th September 2012
Eleanor Crook on Plastic Surgery of the World Wars

Doors at 6 pm, Workshop commences at 7 pm

The rifles used in the First World War fired low-velocity bullets that were sufficient to cause tissue damage, splinter bone, and tear away flesh, but unlike high-velocity bullets, would not cause the energy waves that result in instant
death. As a result many young men survived the war with appalling facial injuries.

Independently, surgeons in France (Morestin), England (Gillies), and Germany (Esser), began to develop techniques and procedures to reconstruct the face. These included methods of moving skin and tissue from one place to another and replacing and building up tissue where it had been lost or damaged. The repair and reconstruction of damaged tissue was also applied to limb injuries and burns.

During the Second World War, Harold Gillies and Archibald McIndoe established a specialized plastic surgery unit at East Grinstead Hospital, to treat injured servicemen and civilians. Their work on the faces and hands of burnt airmen marked a significant advance in medicine that was accompanied by other enormous advances, such as the ability to transplant the cornea and restore sight. The so-called ‘Guinea Pig Club’ still exists today, and a dwindling number of surviving Royal Air Force pilots attest to the remarkable skills of these early pioneers.

Eleanor Crook trained in sculpture at Central St Martins and the Royal Academy and makes figures and effigies in wax, carved wood and lifelike media. She has also made a special study of anatomy and has sculpted anatomical and pathological waxworks for the Gordon Museum of Pathology at Guy's Hospital, London's Science Museum, and the Royal College of Surgeons of England. She exhibits internationally in both fine art and science museum contexts. She learned the technique of forensic facial reconstruction modelling from Richard Neave and has demonstrated and taught this to artists, forensic anthropology students, law enforcement officers and plastic surgeons as well as incorporating this practice in her own sculpted people. Eleanor is artist in residence at the Gordon Museum of Pathology, a member of the Medical Artists' Association, runs a course in Anatomy drawing at the Royal College of Art and lectures on the M. A. Art & Science course at Central St Martins School of Art in London.

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Thursday 27th (just added), Saturday 29th, and Sunday 30th of September
Anthropomorphic Taxidermy Class with Sue Jeiven
1-5 PM

Anthropomorphic taxidermy–the practice of mounting and displaying taxidermied animals as if they were humans or engaged in human activities–was a popular art form during the Victorian and Edwardian eras. The best known practitioner of the art form is British taxidermist Walter Potter who displayed his pieces–which included such elaborate tableaux as The Death of Cock Robin, The Kitten Wedding, and The Kitten Tea Party–in his own museum of curiosities.

We invite you to join taxidermist, tattoo artist and educator Susan Jeiven for a beginners class in anthropomorphic taxidermy. All materials–including a mouse for each student–will be provided, and each class member will leave at the end of the day with their own anthropomorphic taxidermied mouse. Students are invited to bring any miniature items with which they might like to dress or decorate their new friend; some props and miniature clothing will also be provided by the teacher. A wide variety of sizes and colors of mice will be available.

No former taxidermy experience is required.

Also, some technical notes:
• We use NO harsh or dangerous chemicals.
• Everyone will be provided with gloves.
• All animals are disease free.
• Although there will not be a lot of blood or gore, a strong constitution is necessary; taxidermy is not for everyone.
• All animals were already dead, nothing was killed for this class. All mice used are feeder animals for snakes and lizards and would literally be discarded if not sold.
• Please do not bring any dead animals with you to the class

You can find out more--and order tickets--for all events, click here.

Source:
http://morbidanatomy.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith

"Ecstatic Raptures and Immaculate Corpses: Visions of Death Made Beautiful in Italy" Exhibition, Open Hours This Saturday, September 22, Noon-7 PM

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm






This Saturday, September 22, will be one of your last chances to catch an unobstructed view of the exhibition "Ecstatic Raptures and Immaculate Corpses: Visions of Death Made Beautiful in Italy" featuring my own photographs (some of which can be seen above) as well as waxworks by artists Eleanor Crook and Sigrid Sarda. All photographs and waxworks are also for sale.

The exhibition will be view at The Last Tuesday Society--11 Mare Street, London, E8 4RP--from noon until 7:00 PM. Also on view will be the wonderful collection of taxidermy, naturalia, erotica, books and curiosities which comprise the spectacular Last Tuesday Society Giftshop.

Well worth a trip, I promise! Full details follow; hope very much to see you there!

Ecstatic Raptures and Immaculate Corpses: Visions of Death Made Beautiful in Italy
An exhibition of photographs by Joanna Ebenstein of the Morbid Anatomy Blog, The Morbid Anatomy Library and Observatory with waxworks by Eleanor Crook and Sigrid Sarda.
Date: This Saturday, September 22
Time: Noon-7:00 PM
Location: The Last Tuesday Society, 11 Mare Street, London, E8 4RP

In her many projects, ranging from photography to curation to writing, New York based Joanna Ebenstein utilizes a combination of art and scholarship to tease out the ways in which the pre-rational roots of modernity are sublimated into ostensibly "purely rational" cultural activities such as science and medicine.Much of her work uses this approach to investigate historical moments or artifacts where art and science, death and beauty, spectacle and edification, faith and empiricism meet in ways that trouble contemporary categorical expectations.In the exhibition "Ecstatic Raptures and Immaculate Corpses" Ebenstein turns this approach to an examination of the uncanny and powerfully resonant representations of the dead, martyred, and anatomized body in Italy, monuments to humankind's quest to eternally preserve the corporeal body and defeat death in arenas sacred and profane.The artifacts she finds in both the churches, charnel houeses and anatomical museums of Italy complicate our ideas of the proper roles of--and divisions between--science and religion, death and beauty; art and science; eros and thanatos; sacred and profane; body and soul.

In this exhibition, you will be introduced to tantalizing visions of death made beautiful, uncanny monuments to the human dream of life eternal. You will meet "Blessed Ismelda Lambertini," an adolescent who fell into a fatal swoon of overwhelming joy at the moment of her first communion with Jesus Christ, now commemorated in a chillingly beautiful wax effigy in a Bolognese church; The Slashed Beauty, swooning with a grace at once spiritual and worldly as she makes a solemn offering of her immaculate viscera; Saint Vittoria, with slashed neck and golden ringlets, her waxen form reliquary to her own powerful bones; and the magnificent and troubling Anatomical Venuses, rapturously ecstatic life-sized wax women reclining voluptuously on silk and velvet cushions, asleep in their crystal coffins, awaiting animation by inquisitive hands eager to dissect them into their dozens of demountable, exactingly anatomically correct, wax parts.

Joanna Ebenstein: New York based visual artist and independent scholar Joanna Ebenstein runs the popular Morbid Anatomy Blog and the related Morbid Anatomy Library, where her privately held collection of books, art, artifacts, and curiosities are made available by appointment.

For the past 5 years, she has traveled the world, seeking out the most curious, obscure and macabre collections, public and private, front stage and back, and sharing her findings via her the Morbid Anatomy Blog as well as a variety of exhibitions including  Anatomical Theatre, a photographic survey of artifacts of great medical museums of the Western World; The Secret Museum, a photographic exhibition exploring the poetics of collections private and public, front stage and back.

Other exhibitions using history as their muse include Savior of Mothers: The Forgotten Ballet of Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis  at the Center for Disease Control Museum and The Great Coney Island Spectacularium, an immersive investigation into the often bizarre spectacles of turn of the 20th century Coney Island at The Coney Island Museum.

She is the founding member of Observatory--a gallery and lecture space in Brooklyn, New York--and annual co-curator of The Congress for Curious Peoples, a 10-day series of lectures and performances investigating curiosity and curiosities, broadly considered and taking place at the Coney Island Museum.

Her work has been shown and published internationally, and she has lectured at museums and conferences around the world.

You can find out more about the show here, and view more images by clicking here.

Source:
http://morbidanatomy.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith

(Sorry to Announce) Field Trip and Lecture Cancellation: This Wednesday, September 19

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm

A very sad announcement: the field trip to, and lecture at, St. Barts Pathology Museum organized as part of my one month residency at The Last Tuesday Society in London--originally scheduled to take place tomorrow, Wednesday September 19 at 7:00 PM--has been cancelled, due to circumstances beyond my control. Apologies to all! And hope to see you at one of these other wonderful upcoming events:

Source:
http://morbidanatomy.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith

Microbial beta-glucosidases from cow rumen metagenome enhance the saccharification of lignocellulose in combination with commercial cellulase cocktail

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm

Background:
A complete saccharification of plant polymers is the critical step in the efficient production of bio-alcohols. Beta-glucosidases acting in the degradation of intermediate gluco-oligosaccharides produced by cellulases limit the yield of the final product.
Results:
In the present work, we have identified and then successfully cloned, expressed, purified and characterised 4 highly active beta-glucosidases from fibre-adherent microbial community from the cow rumen. The enzymes were most active at temperatures 45--55[degree sign]C and pH 4.0-7.0 and exhibited high affinity and activity towards synthetic substrates such as p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (pNPbetaG) and pNP-beta-cellobiose, as well as to natural cello-oligosaccharides ranging from cellobiose to cellopentaose. The apparent capability of the most active beta-glucosidase, herein named LAB25g2, was tested for its ability to improve, at low dosage (31.25 units g-1 dry biomass, using pNPbetaG as substrate), the hydrolysis of pre-treated corn stover (dry matter content of 20%; 350 g glucan kg-1 dry biomass) in combination with a beta-glucosidase-deficient commercial Trichoderma reseei cellulase cocktail (5 units g-1 dry biomass in the basis of pNPbetaG). LAB25g2 increased the final hydrolysis yield by a factor of 20% (44.5 +/- 1.7% vs. 34.5 +/- 1.5% in control conditions) after 96--120 h as compared to control reactions in its absence or in the presence of other commercial beta-glucosidase preparations. The high stability (half-life higher than 5 days at 50[degree sign]C and pH 5.2) and 2--38000 fold higher (as compared with reported beta-glucosidases) activity towards cello-oligosaccharides may account for its performance in supplementation assays.
Conclusions:
The results suggest that beta-glucosidases from yet uncultured bacteria from animal digestomes may be of a potential interest for biotechnological processes related to the effective bio-ethanol production in combination with low dosage of commercial cellulases.Source:
http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/rss/

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith

A constraint-based model of Scheffersomyces stipitis for improved ethanol production

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm

Background:
As one of the best xylose utilization microorganisms, Scheffersomyces stipitis exhibits great potential for the efficient lignocellulosic biomass fermentation. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of its unique physiological and metabolic characteristics is required to further improve its performance on cellulosic ethanol production.
Results:
A constraint-based genome-scale metabolic model for S. stipitis CBS 6054 was developed on the basis of its genomic, transcriptomic and literature information. The model iTL885 consists of 885 genes, 870 metabolites, and 1240 reactions. During the reconstruction process, 36 putative sugar transporters were reannotated and the metabolisms of 7 sugars were illuminated. Essentiality study was conducted to predict essential genes on different growth media. Key factors affecting cell growth and ethanol formation were investigated by the use of constraint-based analysis. Furthermore, the uptake systems and metabolic routes of xylose were elucidated, and the optimization strategies for the overproduction of ethanol were proposed from both genetic and environmental perspectives.
Conclusions:
Systems biology modelling has proven to be a powerful tool for targeting metabolic changes. Thus, this systematic investigation of the metabolism of S. stipitis could be used as a starting point for future experiment designs aimed at identifying the metabolic bottlenecks of this important yeast.Source:
http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/rss/

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith

Down-regulation of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase gene in switchgrass reveals a novel monolignol analog

Posted: September 23, 2012 at 3:46 pm

Background:
Down-regulation of the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase EC 2.1.1.68 (COMT) gene in the lignin biosynthetic pathway of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) resulted in cell walls of transgenic plants releasing more constituent sugars after pretreatment by dilute acid and treatment with glycosyl hydrolases from an added enzyme preparation and from Clostridium thermocellum. Fermentation of both wild-type and transgenic switchgrass after milder hot water pretreatment with no water washing showed that only the transgenic switchgrass inhibited C. thermocellum. Gas chromatography--mass spectrometry (GCMS)-based metabolomics were undertaken on cell wall aqueous extracts to determine the nature of the microbial inhibitors.
Results:
GCMS confirmed the increased concentration of a number of phenolic acids and aldehydes that are known inhibitors of microbial fermentation. Metabolomic analyses of the transgenic biomass additionally revealed the presence of a novel monolignol-like metabolite, identified as trans-3, 4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol (iso-sinapyl alcohol) in both non-pretreated, as well as hot water pretreated samples. iso-Sinapyl alcohol and its glucoside were subsequently generated by organic synthesis and the identity of natural and synthetic materials were confirmed by mass spectrometric and NMR analyses. The additional novel presence of iso-sinapic acid, iso-sinapyl aldehyde, and iso-syringin suggest the increased activity of a para-methyltransferase, concomitant with the reduced COMT activity, a strict meta-methyltransferase. Quantum chemical calculations were used to predict the most likely homodimeric lignans generated from dehydration reactions, but these products were not evident in plant samples.
Conclusions:
Down-regulation of COMT activity in switchgrass resulted in the accumulation of previously undetected metabolites resembling sinapyl alcohol and its related metabolites, but that are derived from para-methylation of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, and related precursors and products; the accumulation of which suggests altered metabolism of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol in switchgrass. Given that there was no indication that iso-sinapyl alcohol was integrated in cell walls, it is considered a monolignol analog. Diversion of substrates from sinapyl alcohol to free iso-sinapyl alcohol, its glucoside, and associated upstream lignin pathway changes, including increased phenolic aldehydes and acids, are together associated with more facile cell wall deconstruction, and to the observed inhibitory effect on microbial growth. However, iso-sinapyl alcohol and iso-sinapic acid, added separately to media, were not inhibitory to C. thermocellum cultures.Source:
http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/rss/

Recommendation and review posted by G. Smith


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