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India Machine Learning Market The Impact of Industry Chain … – Digital Journal

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Published April 27, 2023

The recent analysis by Quadintel on the India Machine Learning Market Report 2023 revolves around various aspects of the market, including characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends, strategies, etc. It also includes COVID-19 Outbreak Impact, accompanied by traces of the historic events. The study highlights the list of projected opportunities, sales and revenue on the basis of region and segments. Apart from that, it also documents other topics such as manufacturing cost analysis, Industrial Chain, etc. For better demonstration, it throws light on the precisely obtained data with the thoroughly crafted graphs, tables, Bar & Pie Charts, etc.

Get a report on India Machine Learning Market (Including Full TOC, 100+ Tables & Figures, and charts). Covers Precise Information on Pre & Post COVID-19 Market Outbreak by Region

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Machine learning (ML) is an emerging technology in India that applies artificial intelligence (AI) to develop systems capable of learning and improving their performance without explicit programming.The retail, transportation, and financial services industries are among the sectors that have adopted ML, and there is a rise in demand for skilled professionals in ML across industries.

The AI market in India was valued at INR 472.73 Billion in 2020 and is expected to reach INR 2113.60 Billion by 2027, while the global machine learning market was valued at INR 839.55 Billion in 2020 and is anticipated to reach INR 7632.45 Billion by 2027, expanding at a CAGR of ~37.16% during the 2021-2027 period. AI adoption has become significant in various corporations, with employees from non-technological backgrounds incorporating AI processes into their functional roles.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted businesses, economies, and management strategies employed by corporations. Businesses are facing challenges in meeting customer expectations regarding process optimization and increased security concerns due to connectivity issues.

The demand for cloud-based collaboration tools, content management solutions, and online streaming platforms has picked up. All organizations use analytics to improve decision-making and automate processes for increased productivity and cost-effectiveness. New entrants use machine learning for a variety of activities, such as designing games, translating languages, predicting future market trends, composing music, and diagnosing diseases.

However, customers often show concerns about sharing information since their sensitive data may get leaked, resulting in difficulty in implementing cloud-based ML applications for most entrepreneurs. The IT industry infrastructure in third-world countries is not developed enough to enhance cloud-based business activities. System defects in data flow occur when system requirements are omitted or not fully met due to human error intervention in the development, testing, or verification processes.

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Our tailormade report can help companies and investors make efficient strategic moves by exploring the crucial information on market size, business trends, industry structure, market share, and market predictions.

Apart from the general projections, our report outstands as it includes thoroughly studied variables, such as the COVID-19 containment status, the recovery of the end-use market, and the recovery timeline for 2020/ 2021

Analysis on COVID-19 Outbreak Impact Include:In light of COVID-19, the report includes a range of factors that impacted the market. It also discusses the trends. Based on the upstream and downstream markets, the report precisely covers all factors, including an analysis of the supply chain, consumer behavior, demand, etc. Our report also describes how vigorously COVID-19 has affected diverse regions and significant nations.

Report Include:

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Each report by the Quadintel contains more than 100+ pages, specifically crafted with precise tables, charts, and engaging narrative: The tailor-made reports deliver vast information on the market with high accuracy. The report encompasses: Micro and macro analysis, Competitive landscape, Regional dynamics, Operational landscape, Legal Set-up, and Regulatory frameworks, Market Sizing and Structuring, Profitability and Cost analysis, Demographic profiling and Addressable market, Existing marketing strategies in the market, Segmentation analysis of Market, Best practice, GAP analysis, Leading market players, Benchmarking, Future market trends and opportunities.

Geographical Breakdown:The regional section of the report analyses the market on the basis of region and national breakdowns, which includes size estimations, and accurate data on previous and future growth. It also mentions the effects and the estimated course of Covid-19 recovery for all geographical areas. The report gives the outlook of the emerging market trends and the factors driving the growth of the dominating region to give readers an outlook of prevailing trends and help in decision making.

Nations:Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam

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Thoroughly Described Qualitative COVID 19 Outbreak Impact Include Identification and Investigation on:Market Structure, Growth Drivers, Restraints and Challenges, Emerging Product Trends & Market Opportunities, Porters Fiver Forces. The report also inspects the financial standing of the leading companies, which includes gross profit, revenue generation, sales volume, sales revenue, manufacturing cost, individual growth rate, and other financial ratios. The report basically gives information about the Market trends, growth factors, limitations, opportunities, challenges, future forecasts, and information on the prominent and other key market players.

Key questions answered:This study documents the affect ofCOVID 19 Outbreak: Our professionally crafted report contains precise responses and pinpoints the excellent opportunities for investors to make new investments. It also suggests superior market plan trajectories along with a comprehensive analysis of current market infrastructures, prevailing challenges, opportunities, etc. To help companies design their superior strategies, this report mentions information about end-consumer target groups and their potential operational volumes, along with the potential regions and segments to target and the benefits and limitations of contributing to the market. Any markets robust growth is derived by its driving forces, challenges, key suppliers, key industry trends, etc., which is thoroughly covered in our report. Apart from that, the accuracy of the data can be specified by the effective SWOT analysis incorporated in the study.

A section of the report is dedicated to the details related to import and export, key players, production, and revenue, on the basis of the regional markets. The report is wrapped with information about key manufacturers, key market segments, the scope of products, years considered, and study objectives.

It also guides readers through segmentation analysis based on product type, application, end-users, etc. Apart from that, the study encompasses a SWOT analysis of each player along with their product offerings, production, value, capacity, etc.

List of Factors Covered in the Report are:Major Strategic Developments: The report abides by quality and quantity. It covers the major strategic market developments, including R&D, M&A, agreements, new products launch, collaborations, partnerships, joint ventures, and geographical expansion, accompanied by a list of the prominent industry players thriving in the market on a national and international level.

Key Market Features:Major subjects like revenue, capacity, price, rate, production rate, gross production, capacity utilization, consumption, cost, CAGR, import/export, supply/demand, market share, and gross margin are all assessed in the research and mentioned in the study. It also documents a thorough analysis of the most important market factors and their most recent developments, combined with the pertinent market segments and sub-segments.

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List of Highlights & ApproachThe report is made using a variety of efficient analytical methodologies that offers readers an in-depth research and evaluation on the leading market players and comprehensive insight on what place they are holding within the industry. Analytical techniques, such as Porters five forces analysis, feasibility studies, SWOT analyses, and ROI analyses, are put to use to examine the development of the major market players.

Points Covered in India Machine Learning Market Report:

India Machine Learning Market Research Report

Section 1: India Machine Learning Market Industry Overview

Section 2: Economic Impact on India Machine Learning

Section 3: Market Competition by Industry Producers

Section 4: Productions, Revenue (Value), according to regions

Section 5: Supplies (Production), Consumption, Export, Import, geographically

Section 6: Productions, Revenue (Value), Price Trend, Product Type

Section 7: Market Analysis, on the basis of Application

Section 8: India Machine Learning Market Pricing Analysis

Section 9: Market Chain, Sourcing Strategy, and Downstream Buyers

Section 10: Strategies and key policies by Distributors/Suppliers/Traders

Section 11: Key Marketing Strategy Analysis, by Market Vendors

Section 12: Market Effect Factors Analysis

Section 13: India Machine Learning Market Forecast

..and view more in complete table of Contents

Thank you for reading; we also provide a chapter-by-chapter report or a report based on region, such as North America, Europe, or Asia.

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India Machine Learning Market The Impact of Industry Chain ... - Digital Journal

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The Pentagon’s Abortion Policy Is an Empty Gesture – The Nation

US soldiers lined up at Albrecht Drer Airport. (Karl-Josef Hildenbrand / Getty Images)

EDITORS NOTE: This article originally appeared at TomDispatch.com. To stay on top of important articles like these, sign up to receive the latest updates from TomDispatch.com.

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In significant parts of this country, the Supreme Courts June 2022 decision to overturn Roe v. Wade returned Americans to a half-century-old situation in which hundreds of thousands of women, faced with unwanted pregnancies, were once forced to resort to costly, potentially deadly underground abortions. My spouses employer, the Pentagon, recently announced that its own abortion policy, which allows military insurance to cover the procedure when a pregnancy results from rape or incest, or poses a threat to the mothers life, still holds.

Sadly enough, this seems an all-too-hollow reassurance, given the reality that pregnant women in the military are, in many places, likely to face an uphill battle finding providers trained andheres the key, of coursewilling to perform the procedure. The Supreme Court abortion ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Womens Health leaves it up to the states to determine whether to allow abortions. In doing so, it ensures that the access of military populations to that procedure will be so much more complicated, especially for spouses who need to seek off-base care, including ones like me who have chosen the military insurance option TRICARE Select that allows us to access almost exclusively civilian providers. Americas 2.6 million military dependents now live in a country where an ever-changing patchwork of state laws can make seeking an abortion costly, risky, and stressful in the extreme.

Any military spouse with young children in tow whos had to relocate somewhere in this nations vast network of military bases can tell you that just caring for another person is challenging in itself. Upon learning youre pregnant, you practically need a PhD to locate a competent obstetrician who also accepts military insurance.

And even when you do, dont discount the problems to come. After an ultrasound, my first provider in the militarys TRICARE Select healthcare program told me that my child was missing a foot. (In fact, he was just positioned with his back to the camera.) My second provider almost injured that same child by attempting to apply force during labor when his head was stuck against my hip bone.

And once youve actually had the child, youre likely to find yourself bickering for hours with uninformed military insurance providers simply to get coverage for a breast pump so you can feed your baby and go to work. Your military-approved pediatrician mayor may not!know anything about local TRICARE Select specialists who can help you address common family problems like deployment-related anxiety in kids. And child care? This countrys child care facilities are already stuffed to the gills and thats even more true of military child care centers. Typically enough, I fear, I was on wait lists for them for years without the faintest success.

Now, add the devastating Dobbs decision to that military reproductive healthcare landscape. Imagine that you want and need an abortion and rely on TRICARE Select, especially if you and your family are stationed in one of the 13 states that have near or total bans on the procedure. If youre lucky enough to have the funds and social connections, you may be able to call in your babysitter to watch your older children and let your employer know that youve got to travel out of state for a medical procedureas if they wouldnt know what kind! Then youll spend what disposable income you have, if anypoverty and food insecurity being rampant in todays militaryto head out of state alone in hopes of getting access to an abortion. Current Issue

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You may want your partner to come with you. If hes not deployed and assuming he supports your choice to seek an abortion, the two of you will face a barrier peculiar to military life: Any service member who needs medical leave must request it through a commanding officer. To be sure, the Army and Air Force have issued directives to commanders not requiring soldiers to state why theyre requesting it. Still, its hard to imagine how a pro-life commanding officer wouldnt see right through such a sudden request and deny it. This is one of the many reasons you may find yourself alone on your journey.

And oh, the places youll go! The nearest abortion clinic likely wont be off base over on Main Street. The states with the most restrictive laws governing abortion also have among the highest concentrations of military bases. So military dependents and soldiers whose insurance or health conditions require them to go off base will likely have to travel across state lines (possibly many state lines) to get the services they need and, of course, do so on their own dime. And by the way, the anti-abortion states are also among those with the largest number of per capita troop hometowns, meaning that military personnel from them are unlikely to get access to care if they go home to be with family during a time when they undoubtedly need extra support.

In other words, in the military world, Dobbs is a recipe for disaster.

For those unfamiliar with the militarys insurance system, let me make a key distinction. Military family members like myself get to choose between two main types of health insurance. The first, called TRICARE Prime, lets you access care in Department of Defense healthcare facilities military bases or posts. This is how active-duty troops typically get care as well. A case manager refers you to various primary and specialty-care providers as needed. With TRICARE Prime, youd be using federal facilities, so you might, at least theoretically, have an easier time getting access to an abortion when, under a narrow set of conditions, the federal government is willing to cover such a procedure.

In my experience as a therapist listening to military spouses over the years, to seek healthcare at military facilities almost invariably involves conflicts of interest. Doctors there tend to treat you as though your concerns about your health or that of your children are remarkably insignificant compared to the needs of the troops. They tend to speak to spouses like me as if we were the only ones responsible for the health of our families, in the process essentially dumping such issues (and the services that go with them) onto the unpaid shoulders of us and us alone.

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To offer an example, a mother I knew in Washington State was increasingly worried about her toddlers rapidly declining weight, only to have that phenomenon dismissed by physicians at a military hospital as the result of poor parenting. In the end, her suspicion that her child was gravely ill turned out to be all-too-sadly correct. Another military wife I interviewed went to couples therapy on a military base to discuss how an upcoming move might impact their marriage. The counselor they saw, she told me, emphasized her spouses service to the country, suggesting that she prioritize his career over hers and complete the move.

Perhaps because of such conflicts of interest and the greater choice offered by civilian-based health plans, most military dependents (72 percent in 2020) choose the second military-authorized insurance program, TRICARE Select. There, you manage your own care by finding civilian doctors willing to accept the Select plan or you simply pay out of pocket for civilian providers, hoping for some reimbursement sooner or later. With this option, if you were faced with an unwanted pregnancy, you would be subject to any abortion restrictions in your surrounding area.

Keep in mind that specialty care like obstetric services is not likely to be easy to find when youre looking for military providers in your community. A recent Pentagon evaluation of access to healthcare found that 49 percent of the people with TRICARE Select could not find a specialist in their community who accepted TRICARE patients, nor could 34 percent travel the necessary distance to reach an appropriate specialist. Meanwhile, 46 percent couldnt access a specialist in a timely manner due to long wait lists. Worse yet, overall access to specialist care within 24 to 48 hours for TRICARE Select beneficiaries decreased significantly between 2016 and 2019 and continued to do so through the first half of 2021.

Lack of access is not an accident. Despite the monstrous size of the Pentagon budget in these years, the Department of Defense actually decreased its health expenditures for all medical programs relative to its overall spending between 2017 and 2020.

In such an environment, its hardly surprising that state abortion bans containing exceptions in cases when pregnancy threatens the parents life will not easily result in access to the procedure. For example, Tennessee, home to five military bases and with a per capita troop concentration about 10 percent greater than the national average, provides exceptions to its ban when a parents life is at risk. Heres the catch: doctors need to be prepared to show evidence that the procedure is necessary to prevent the impairment of a parents major bodily functions were the pregnancy to continueenough evidence that a team of prosecutors with its own expert medical witnesses could not convincingly argue otherwise in court. If not, a doctor could face felony charges and up to 15 years in prison.

Under such circumstances, if you were a doctor considering whether to terminate a life-threatening pregnancy for a patient, would you choose the patient or protect your ability to stay with your own family, avoiding the risk of prison? Im not sure what I would do in such a situation.

Theres reason to believe that even military dependents not seeking abortions could end up struggling to get the pregnancy care they need because of the restrictions doctors will face when it comes to treating complicated pregnancies. For example, the drugs used to induce abortion by medication, misoprostol and mifepristone, are also the most effective ones for treating patients experiencing miscarriages. At the Cleveland Clinic Emergency Department, under Ohios new heartbeat ban, which makes it a felony to end a pregnancy after a fetal heartbeat has been detected, women could soon enough have to wait 24 hours before receiving treatment for miscarriages, since anything earlier might qualify as an illegal abortion. Thankfully, for the time being two judges have placed a pause on the ban.

Another troubling fallout from new state abortion bans is the way providers and their patients are now being left to handle exceptions when a pregnancy results from rape. Many abortion bans contain sexual assault reporting requirements that make it all but impossible for doctors to avoid serious liability. For example, Utahs new abortion law permits the procedure in cases of rape, but for a doctor to perform it without risking criminal charges, he or she would need to report the rape to law enforcement. Similarly, in Wyoming (a state with just one abortion clinic that has two providers), the new exception in cases of rape does not specify how a client should prove that rape occurred, again leaving it up to doctors to decide how to treat patients and protect their own lives from devastating consequences.

The assaulting of civilian women by soldiers is not a widely studied subject, but accounts by activists and journalists suggest that it is a significant problem. Whats more, about 80 percent of rapes committed by soldiers are never officially reported because victims fear retaliation either from their rapist or others in their communities, including their own or their spouses commands. If the rapist happens to be their spouse, reporting the rape in order to obtain an abortion could mean that the family loses its sole source of income, since a convicted rapist would assumedly be discharged from duty. In addition, its widely known that people who report sexual assaults often face uninformed responses from law enforcement officers who doubt their stories or blame them for being attacked, only increasing the trauma of the situation.

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The pro-life activists and policies behind those cowardly laws belie the fact that much of what far-right Americans and their elected representatives support undermines human life. Look at the violence and poverty some of the same leaders who advocate abortion bans allow in a country whose politicians generally choose to sanction war and investments in weapons development over better social services. Look at the way a significant minority of the citizenry support elected officials who encourage violence against other Americans of differing political beliefs. Look at the way some of us would support the separating of parents and children at the end of life-saving journeys away from drug wars and poverty in their home countries.

Given such political headwinds, its worth remembering that a pregnant person is not a passive receptacle but a worker, whether for nine months or the rest of her life. If anyone should have the power to choose death, she should, because there is always a damn good, heart-wrenching reason for doing so.

I dont know how many people realize this, but if Roe had not become the law of the land in 1973 to protect abortion rights, a different case might have taken its place. In the early 1970s, the late Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, then a lawyer for the American Civil Liberties Union, took up the case of an Air Force nurse in Vietnam named Susan Struck who was told (as was the militarys policy at that time) that she would be discharged if she were to carry her pregnancy to term.

Captain Struck was a devout Catholic who wanted to keep her job and have that baby. Ginsburg argued that all government attempts to regulate reproduction constituted sex discrimination, whether it involved restricting pregnancies or abortions. The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case in 1972, but before that could happen, the military changed its policy, rendering the case moot. Had Ginsburg won that case before the Supreme Court, our legal system might have prioritized parents, not the state, as the ultimate decision-makersheroes no longer navigating a landscape of red tape and indignities.

Last June, right after Roe was overturned, I contacted a fellow military spouse visibly pregnant with her first child. She told me how complicated her feelings were about showing up in Washington, D.C., to advocate for abortion rights just after the draft decision to overturn Roe was leaked this past May. Would people misunderstand her presence at that demonstration? About a year ago, shed sought emergency care for a miscarriage, which she might not have been able to get had abortion rights already been taken away. Perhaps, in the absence of adequate care, she might have suffered complications that prevented her from becoming pregnant this time around. She did, however, attend that demonstration, convinced that advocacy was as important to self-care as any other act in this country.

Hers is a true pro-life position. Its the position of someone who has for years moved from one military base to another. Loving both yourself and your baby is a struggle, not a campaign slogan. As a parent myself, I think that parenting is a journey many more pregnant people would happily embrace if the conditions in this country were significantly more humane. Right now, if you truly care about the lives of us all, its up to you (and me) to join women like my friend in her post-Roe advocacy.

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The Pentagon's Abortion Policy Is an Empty Gesture - The Nation

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Deves said surrogacy is reproductive prostitution and violates human rights – Sydney Morning Herald

In another tweet, from September, Deves replied to journalist Georgie Dent, who had quoted an opinion piece published in the Herald and The Age accusing Morrison of an act of chutzpah for reserving the keynote address at the National Womens Safety Summit.

Maybe he [Morrison] identifies as a woman? Deves quipped.

Deleted tweets from the account of Liberal candidate for Warringah, Katherine Deves.Credit:Internet

The NSW Liberal Party was contacted for comment. Deves has previously issued apologies for the language she has used in conducting her campaign, as well as for any hurt caused, though she did not resile from her beliefs.

Morrison was not asked directly about Deves surrogacy comments at his daily election campaign press conference on Thursday but continued to defend her and said he had spoken to her earlier with words of encouragement.

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Katherine is campaigning and Ive been in contact with Katherine again today encouraging her, Morrison said.

He also denied leaking a text message from NSW Premier Dominic Perrottet expressing support for Deves, suggesting it could have been leaked by one of the close colleagues he had spoken with about the matter.

When I was speaking to some close colleagues in the Liberal Party on the weekend, they asked me whether Dom had been in contact, and I simply said that he had, Morrison said on Thursday.

I hadnt shared any text messages or anything like that, I just said he had been in contact. We didnt and they didnt [leak the message].

Deves was the prime ministers hand-picked candidate for the seat amid an internal Liberal stalemate over candidate preselections in NSW. Nominations closed on Thursday, with Deves now certain to appear on the ballot paper.

Treasurer Josh Frydenberg was asked about some of Deves recently-revealed comments while he was campaigning with Liberal MP Trent Zimmerman.

There is a legitimate discussion that has been had by the community about participation in sport, having a level playing field, Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said. But as for [Deves] comments, they were inappropriate, insensitive, unacceptable.

She cancelled a scheduled appearance at a community forum in Manly on Tuesday night where she was due to appear alongside other candidates including incumbent MP Zali Steggall.

It followed days of coverage of Deves comments about transgender issues in tweets and videos, including calling LGBTQ initiative Wear It Purple Day a grooming tactic, saying trans children were surgically mutilated and speculating Canadian actor Elliot Page was paid to come out as transgender.

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Deves said surrogacy is reproductive prostitution and violates human rights - Sydney Morning Herald

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He was told he had the N.B. ‘mystery illness.’ But a 2nd opinion says no as doubts swirl about diagnoses – CBC.ca

When Luc LeBlanc received a phone call from his family doctor in March 2021 telling him he had a neurological illness and it was terminal his world crumbled.

"I knew I had something wrong cognitively," said LeBlanc, 41, of Dieppe, N.B. "I was falling, I was having multiple episodes of passing out and cracked three ribs. I reached out to my family doctor to say, 'We need to push neurologists any way possible because I can't live like this.' "

LeBlancbecame part of a cluster of 48 New Brunswick residents diagnosed with a neurological condition of unknown cause, a medical enigma dubbed a "mystery illness."

He kept pushing, however, for a second opinion and last week travelled to Toronto for an appointment at the University Health Network's Krembil Brain Institute.

After about 16 hours of assessments over three days with neurologists and neuropsychologists, he had some answers.

"The good news for Luc is that we can say that he doesn't have this rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease," said Dr. Lorraine Kalia, a neurologist and scientist specializing in Parkinson's disease and movement-related disorders.

WATCH| A patientdescribes his symptoms:

Kalia is quick to caution that "all we can speak to is Luc," noting he is the only person from those in the cluster whom they've assessed. There's no doubt LeBlanc has a lot of neurological difficulties, she said, but they are likely related to a concussion he suffered in 2018, as well as anxiety he has been dealing with throughout his life.

While last week's diagnosis gave LeBlanc some understanding of his own condition, questions remain about whether the cluster actually exists.

Those questions also come as concerns heighten inside and outside the provincial government over longstanding shortcomings many see in New Brunswick's health-care system.

"We need more recruitment. We need better retention of physicians, but we also need the dollars put in place to enhance the health-care system," said Mark MacMillan, president of the New Brunswick Medical Society, the professional association for doctors in the province.

"Access could certainly be improved. Wait times are too long for many appointments that need to be seen by a specialist, but that's not just a problem in New Brunswick," he said, noting it's a problem across Canada that needs to be addressed by increasing health transfer dollars from the federal government to the provinces.

From late 2019 onward, LeBlanc and 47 other New Brunswick residents were identified as being part of a cluster of patients with a "progressive neurological syndrome of unknown etiology." That cluster was first identified by Moncton neurologistDr. Alier Marrero. The people range in age from 18 to 85. They are men and women, with the majority living in Moncton.Others arein the Acadian Peninsula and on the north shore, close to the Quebec border.

The first case was retroactively discovered by Marreroin 2015. By 2019, there were 11 cases displaying similar symptoms. By the following year, the count doubled to 24. By June 2021, 48 people were identified, the vast majority by Marrero. Six of the cluster had died.

In March 2021, news of the cluster made headlines after a memo from the province's chief medical officer of health to physicians and other health-care professionals was leaked to the media.

"If you have patients who you feel may meet the case definition for this novel neurological syndrome, please send a clinical referral to Dr. Alier Marrero at the Mind Clinic," the memo said. The clinic is run out of The Moncton Hospital.

The symptoms were similar to Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (CJD), a rare and fatal brain wasting disorder, and included visual hallucinations, muscle twitching and aggression.

An interim reportreleased last week by the New Brunswick government revealed the number of deaths had risen from six to nine and that there were no known factors such as food, place of home or work that could be linked between the cases.

Autopsies for those who died revealed findings including Alzheimer's, Lewy body dementia and cancer, and, according to Health Minister Dorothy Shephard, represent a group of "misclassified diagnoses."

Shephard told The Fifth Estateprovincial health officials reporting that there was an unknown neurological illness "was really a little premature." In her opinion, she said, she does not believe there is a cluster.

More clinical review is necessary, she said, and another report will be released in January.

As LeBlanc watched Shephard speaking last week, he said the province needs to be open-minded to a new disease.

"They don't want to create panic, but they create panic."

At the centre of the unknown illness is Marrero, a neurologist in Moncton. Born in Cuba, he received a medical degree from Universidad Nacional Pedro Henrquez Urea in the Dominican Republic in 2000. He completed his residency in neurology at Laval University in Quebec in 2010.

That same year, Marrero moved to Moncton, where he helped identify the province as having some of the highest rates of multiple sclerosis in Canada. Marrero had concerns about how New Brunswick was relatively underserviced in terms of MS research and the difficulty sufferers had in gaining access to care.

His work led him to cross paths with scientists at the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance System an arm of the Public Health Agency of Canada. With their input, dating back to 2019, he began developing a case definition for a "progressive neurological syndrome of unknown etiology" theunknown illness he was diagnosing in patients.

While Marrero accepts he could be wrong, he says he is convinced there is a cluster and that the diagnoses from the autopsy findings should not rule that out.

Watch |N.B. neurologist wants patients to feel hopeful:

"Complex problems don't have easy solutions," he said in an interview with The Fifth Estate. "I am confident we will find the cause and we will find a way of dealing with it, hopefully a treatment, hopefully a way of avoiding it."

Jill Beatty, who was told her father was part of the cluster, describes Marrero as an empathetic and calm presence in their storm. Her trust in Marrero has not wavered.

"We were so scared, and we had no idea what we were dealing with."

Marrero has diagnosed 48 people, but said he is treating more than 100 patients with symptoms at the Moncton clinic.

"As a physician, I try to open to them a door of hope that is meaningful hope. And as a scientist, I'm interested in discovering what is causing this problem."

Like many people in the cluster, LeBlanc has had difficulty navigating the health-care system.

Three years ago, he was in a car accident and suffered a concussion. He began experiencing mobility and balance issues, muscle spasms and brain fog. His world spiralled downwards, and he hasn't worked since. He had to wait two years to see a neurologist.

"I think that demonstrates a lack of access to neurology that we all experience across the country," Kalia said after LeBlanc's assessment in Toronto.

As part of LeBlanc's earlier treatment, he did physiotherapy for at least seven months, but saw no improvement. A visit to his physician landed him in Nova Scotia to see an eye doctor specializing in head trauma. He was given prism glasses and told to go to a specialized physiotherapy facility in Amherst, N.S.He had one appointment and then COVID-19 hit. His remaining appointments were virtual.

"It just wasn't the same."

In interviews with The Fifth Estate, several people within the cluster and those who wonder if they have the unknown syndromedescribe long waits to see specialists. Often, they feel they are dismissed by practitioners and left with nowhere to turn.

A discussion paper released by the New Brunswick government earlier this year outlines a need for better patient-centred care, including shorter wait times for surgery and faster access to appointments.

The report said while 90 per cent of New Brunswickers have a family doctor, only 55 per cent are able to get an appointment within five days.

As his cognition declined, LeBlanc said he couldn't get a clear diagnosis or a practitioner who had the time to "look at the full picture. Somebody dropped the ball somewhere."

LeBlanc met Marrero in January 2021, and by mid-March he was told he was part of the cluster.He started making end-of-life plans: extra life insurance, care for his children and lookingfor a coffin.But one thing stood out to him: he was not physically declining like others in the cluster.

He had reached out to one of the youngest, Gabrielle Cormier, 20, and could see the intensity of symptoms was different. He could drive and dress himself. His memory wasn't too bad. He could go to the gym and lift light weights.

Meanwhile, Cormier, of Dalhousie Junction, once an avid skater with dreams of becoming a pathologist, was walking with a cane and sometimes relying on a wheelchair.

The difference between his symptoms and Cormier's, coupled with his family's doubt, left him uncertain. LeBlanc asked Marrero why he was a "confirmed case."

"It's kind of hard when, you know, a lot of people are saying it's all in your head, but is it?"

When asked by Radio-Canada's Enqute about LeBlanc's case, Marrero said he could not comment.

While LeBlanc had his doubts about being part of the cluster, some neurologists, including Dr. Valerie Sim, believe a detailed review of cases of those identified with the unknown neurological illnessis paramount.

"My goal in raising skepticism is simply to balance the discussion," said Sim, a professor of neurology in the Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Disease at the University of Alberta. She said an open mind must be kept to the possibility that there isn't a syndrome.

The extreme age range of those who were diagnosed with the unknown illness and their broad symptoms make it impossible to conclude anything, she said.

"Are we doing them a disservice by assuming that they all fit into the same pocket? Or could they actually have separate things which each might require different investigations and different treatments?"

Kat Lanteinge, a Toronto-based public health advocate, has concerns that while the N.B. government focuses on the lack of links between cases, the search for a root cause will be overlooked.

"When you start drafting a narrative and you start shutting out the experts, so no science can happen, those are massive ethical boundaries that are being crossed."

Marrero, however, still believes a cluster exists.

"I'm ringing a bell," he said, quoting his favourite musician, Leonard Cohen. "He said there is a crack in everything, that's how the light gets in. It's a truth for anything new in science. And I hope [the light] will."

While LeBlanc may have another diagnosis, that doesn't eliminate so many questions that exist around the mystery illness.

"It's hard for us to make conclusions about what we weren't a part of," said Kalia, the Toronto neurologist. "We didn't see Luc as a team two years ago. And so it's hard to know what kind of pieces to the puzzle his physicians had at that point in time to make that conclusion."

As for LeBlanc, he describes a weight lifting off his shoulders. He has gone from believing his life was ending to imagining possibilities. "It's a big shock."

He also vows to continue supporting people he has met through a social media support group for those who have received a diagnosis of the unknown illness, for their friends and family and others who believe they may have it.

"I'm lucky. I was dying. Now I'm not. But I want to help and support people if they want to talk."

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He was told he had the N.B. 'mystery illness.' But a 2nd opinion says no as doubts swirl about diagnoses - CBC.ca

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Woman has four-year wait to see Northern Ireland neurologist – The Guardian

A single mother of six children has been waiting four years and four months to see a consultant for suspected multiple sclerosis in Northern Ireland as officials admit in leaked court papers that health waiting lists have spiralled out of control.

Although referred to a neurologist in June 2017, Eileen Wilson, 47, has still not received a date to see the specialist despite suffering choking episodes that leave her blue in the face, loss of muscle control and a multitude of other symptoms.

She is one of the hundreds of thousands of patients suffering in silence because of the chronic waiting lists that have been building since 2013, according to testimony submitted to the high court.

Her case is at the centre of two landmark cases to be heard in December and January against the Northern Ireland health minister, Robin Swann, the UK chancellor, Rishi Sunak, and the health secretary, Savid Javid, who were named as defendants in the case last week after affidavits from Northern Irelands Department of Health blamed years of underfunding for the crisis.

Sitting in her garden in her army veteran house in Belfast, Wilson said she would not give up the fight even though the human rights commission, her GP, and her MP, Gavin Robinson, have all failed to get her an appointment.

I just want to know whats wrong with me, she says.

She explains how she staggers around her home like a drunk even though she does not drink and now suffers episodes of sleep paralysis, which has been likened to locked-in syndrome.

When I go to bed all the worry is there, its like a washing machine on full spin, she said.

I worry that if I fall or choke, thats going to be the end of it. Die? Yes, she answers. It can happen anytime. Its like something is stuck in my throat. Ive gone blue in the face. It lasts for a few minutes but it feels like hours, she said.

To her shock, she heard through her MP that her GPs referral had been downgraded from urgent to routine, with the chief executive of South Eastern health and social care trust telling Robinson that regrettably the waiting time for an appointment was 163 weeks three years and 13 weeks.

I am very sorry that we have not yet been able to offer Mrs Wilson an appointment, he said.

Four years and four months later, she is none the wiser.

Her solicitor, Ciaran OHare of McIvor Farrell, has already applied successfully for leave for a judicial review, which is now listed for January with a second case expedited for hearing in December over a failed bid to get her an appointment overseas under EU legislation transposed into domestic law.

He said her case was for the benefit of the people of Northern Ireland and is asking the court to conclude that the waiting lists, the worst in the UK for much of the past decade, are unlawful and a breach of human rights.

This saga has been going on in Northern Ireland for over 10 years and hospital waiting lists have been getting longer and longer. We do not have the NHS here, like in England; we have health and social care and it doesnt work, said OHare.

This is the first case of its kind and it is absolutely crucial because something must be done to end the suffering that is occurring every single day with people languishing and dying on hospital waiting lists, he added.

Recent figures show nearly a fifth of Northern Irelands population are waiting for a first appointment and more than half of those are waiting for more than a year.

It is the case that the majority of people on the waiting list are waiting for more than a year, which is pretty extraordinary, said Mark Dayan, a policy analyst at the health services thinktank the Nuffield Trust.

Waiting lists are the worst in the UK and possibly in Europe. Last week, the childrens commissioner revealed that 24 children with confirmed or suspected cancer were among the 17,000 minors waiting more than a year to see a specialist.

Affidavits submitted to the courts and seen by the Guardian paint a grim picture.

A senior official in the Department of Health in his testimony, said the delays were extremely regrettable but the health minister had repeatedly said a significant increase in funding was necessary to make a return to acceptable levels.

While doctors, nurses, other health professionals and managers have made every effort to ensure that any negative impact on patients has been kept to a minimum, waiting times have continued to grow to a level where many believe that they are now out of control, he added.

Dayan said Northern Irelands waiting lists began to spiral to more and more unacceptably poor levels relative to the rest of the UK 10 years ago.

He said one year-plus waits were almost unheard of in England before Covid, but have been common in Northern Ireland. Out of an estimated 460,000 on a waiting list, 250,000 have been on it for more than a year, he said.

The Department of Health declined to comment due to ongoing court proceedings.

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How biological detective work can reveal who engineered a virus – Vox.com

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, has made our future vulnerability to biological pathogens and what we can learn to help prevent the next pandemic a salient concern. We dont have much evidence one way or the other whether Covids emergence into the world was the result of a lab accident or a natural jump from animal to human. And while the US intelligence communitys current best guess is that the virus probably was not genetically engineered, the theory has been the subject of much debate and has not been definitively ruled out.

The many unknowns we confront underscore the need for a much bigger toolkit to deal with pathogenic threats than we currently have which is why a recent paper about a new advance in tracing genetic editing is particularly exciting.

Bioengineering often leaves traces characteristic patterns in the RNA or DNA of an engineered organism that are a product of a plethora of design decisions that go into synthetic biology. That fact about bioengineered genomes raises an interesting question: What if those traces that gene editing leaves behind were more like fingerprints? That is, what if its possible not just to tell if something was engineered but precisely where it was engineered?

Thats the idea behind genetic engineering attribution: the effort to develop tools that let us look at a genetically engineered sequence and determine which lab developed it. A big international contest among researchers earlier this year demonstrates that the technology is within our reach though itll take lots of refining to move from impressive contest results to tools we can reliably use for bio detective work.

The contest, the Genetic Engineering Attribution Challenge, was sponsored by some of the leading bioresearch labs in the world. The idea was to challenge teams to develop techniques in genetic engineering attribution. The most successful entrants in the competition could predict, using machine-learning algorithms, which lab produced a certain genetic sequence with more than 80 percent accuracy, according to a new preprint summing up the results of the contest.

This may seem technical, but it could actually be fairly consequential in the effort to make the world safe from a type of threat we should all be more attuned to post-pandemic: bioengineered weapons and leaks of bioengineered viruses.

One of the challenges of preventing bioweapon research and deployment is that perpetrators can remain hidden its difficult to find the source of a killer virus and hold them accountable.

But if its widely known that bioweapons can immediately and verifiably be traced right back to a bad actor, that could be a valuable deterrent.

Its also extremely important for biosafety more broadly. If an engineered virus is accidentally leaked, tools like these would allow us to identify where they leaked from and know what labs are doing genetic engineering work with inadequate safety procedures.

Hundreds of design choices go into genetic engineering: what genes you use, what enzymes you use to connect them together, what software you use to make those decisions for you, computational immunologist Will Bradshaw, a co-author on the paper, told me.

The enzymes that people use to cut up the DNA cut in different patterns and have different error profiles, Bradshaw says. You can do that in the same way that you can recognize handwriting.

Because different researchers with different training and different equipment have their own distinctive tells, its possible to look at a genetically engineered organism and guess who made it at least if youre using machine-learning algorithms.

The algorithms that are trained to do this work are fed data on more than 60,000 genetic sequences different labs produced. The idea is that, when fed an unfamiliar sequence, the algorithms are able to predict which of the labs theyve encountered (if any) likely produced it.

A year ago, researchers at altLabs, the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, and other top bioresearch programs collaborated on the challenge, organizing a competition to find the best approaches to this biological forensics problem. The contest attracted intense interest from academics, industry professionals, and citizen scientists one member of a winning team was a kindergarten teacher. Nearly 300 teams from all over the world submitted at least one machine-learning system for identifying the lab of origin of different sequences.

In that preprint paper (which is still undergoing peer review), the challenges organizers summarize the results: The competitors collectively took a big step forward on this problem. Winning teams achieved dramatically better results than any previous attempt at genetic engineering attribution, with the top-scoring team and all-winners ensemble both beating the previous state-of-the-art by over 10 percentage points, the paper notes.

The big picture is that researchers, aided by machine-learning systems, are getting really good at finding the lab that built a given plasmid, or a specific DNA strand used in gene manipulation.

The top-performing teams had 95 percent accuracy at naming a plasmids creator by one metric called top 10 accuracy meaning if the algorithm identifies 10 candidate labs, the true lab is one of them. They had 82 percent top 1 accuracy that is, 82 percent of the time, the lab they identified as the likely designer of that bioengineered plasmid was, in fact, the lab that designed it.

Top 1 accuracy is showy, but for biological detective work, top 10 accuracy is nearly as good: If you can narrow down the search for culprits to a small number of labs, you can then use other approaches to identify the exact lab.

Theres still a lot of work to do. The competition looked at only simple engineered plasmids; ideally, wed have approaches that work for fully engineered viruses and bacteria. And the competition didnt look at adversarial examples, where researchers deliberately try to conceal the fingerprints of their lab on their work.

Knowing which lab produced a bioweapon can protect us in three ways, biosecurity researchers argued in Nature Communications last year.

First, knowledge of who was responsible can inform response efforts by shedding light on motives and capabilities, and so mitigate the events consequences. That is, figuring out who built something will also give us clues about the goals they might have had and the risk we might be facing.

Second, obviously, it allows the world to sanction and stop any lab or government that is producing bioweapons in violation of international law.

And third, the article argues, hopefully, if these capabilities are widely known, they make the use of bioweapons much less appealing in the first place.

But the techniques have more mundane uses as well.

Bradshaw told me he envisions applications of the technology could be used to find accidental lab leaks, identify plagiarism in academic papers, and protect biological intellectual property and those applications will validate and extend the tools for the really critical uses.

The past year and a half should have us all thinking about how devastating pandemic disease can be and about whether the precautions being taken by research labs and governments are really adequate to prevent the next pandemic.

The answer, to my mind, is that were not doing enough, but more sophisticated biological forensics could certainly help. Genetic engineering attribution is still a new field. With more effort, itll likely be possible to one day make attribution possible on a much larger scale and to do it for viruses and bacteria. That could make for a much safer future.

Correction, October 25, 9:50 am: A previous version of this story stated that SARS-CoV-2 had been definitively proven not to be a bioengineered virus. While an August 2021 US intelligence report concluded, Most agencies assess with low confidence that SARS-CoV-2 probably was not genetically engineered, and many scientists agree with that assessment, it was an overstatement to claim that the theory has been definitively ruled out. The introduction and conclusion of the story have been updated to reflect this lower level of certainty. (h/t to Alina Chan, biologist at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, for her critique and input)

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