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Category Archives: Stem Cell Therapy

Scripps CEO Joins Stem Cell Agency Board; Love Leaves


Michael Marletta
Scripps Photo

State Treasurer Bill Lockyer has
appointed Michael Marletta, president and CEO of the Scripps Research
Institute, to the 29-member board of directors of the $3 billion
California stem cell agency.

Marletta fills the seat of Floyd Bloom,
also a Scripps executive, who resigned last year. Scripps has
received $45.3 million in funding from CIRM.
In a letter yesterday to the stem cell
agency, Lockyer said Marletta is a member of the National Academy of
Science, American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Institute of
Medicine. Marletta joined Scripps in 2011 and became president in
January.
Prior to that, he was at the University
of California, Berkeley, where he once served as chairman of the
department of chemistry, among other roles. An item on the Scripps
web site said Marletta "focused his research on the intersection
of chemistry and biology. He is acknowledged as a pioneer in
discovering the role of nitric oxide, a critical player in
communication between cells."
The CIRM board has another vacancy to
fill. Ted Love resigned last month after serving on the board since
its inception in December 2004. CIRM said Love, executive vice
president of Onyx Pharmaceuticals, resigned for personal reasons.
State Controller John Chiang is considering a number of candidates to
replace him. Love was the only African-American on the board.

Source:
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IP to Grant Oversight: Study Calls for Host of Improvements at California Stem Cell Agency


The $3 billion California stem cell
agency is laboring under a range of problems that include protection of
its intellectual property and management of its nearly 500 grants plus an inadequate ability to track its own performance, a seven-month
study said yesterday.
The performance audit by the Moss Adams accounting
firm of Seattle, Wash., made 27 recommendations for improvements,
including more effort to ease strain connected to the agency's
controversial dual executive arrangement. The study said that the
nearly eight-year-old agency has many "opportunities" to
"enhance performance reporting and decision making, strengthen
effectiveness and efficiency, retain essential human resources and
leverage technology."
In response to the report, the stem
cell agency said, "(M)anagement concurs with the findings and
recommendations....The recommendations are focused and constructive.
CIRM is already implementing many of these recommendations, and we
will be investigating the others in the coming months."
The performance audit is the first ever
made of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine. The
audit is required by state law and was commissioned by the agency at
a cost of $234,944. For years, the agency for years had resisted calls for a
performance audit until it sought legislative approval in 2010 for
removal of a 50-person cap on its staff. Originally, the performance
audit legislation would have put the study in the hands of the only
state body charged with oversight of the agency and its board. CIRM,
however, was successful in lobbying to have that provision removed.
The 54-page report identified once
again a number of issues that have troubled the stem cell agency for
some years. Moss made 12 top priority recommendations, many of which
dealt with information technology and grants management. Many of the
recommendations focused on providing better and faster information on
performance outcomes, which the audit said has been slow to come and
hard to generate.
The report said,

"Key performance information is
not readily available to CIRM leadership and other stakeholders on an
ongoing basis. CIRM board members and senior management do not
receive regularly updated, enterprise-level performance information.
The ability to evaluate performance against strategic goals is
critical to effective leadership and program monitoring, evaluation,
and reporting."

The audit stated,

"CIRM does not effectively
communicate outcome-based performance internally or externally. As
such, CIRM does not focus on performance metrics as part of its
(staff) meeting process."

The report additionally said,

"CIRM does not have an integrated
financial information system....The use of spreadsheets results in
labor intensive processes to generate reports and respond to
information inquiries, since data must be pulled from multiple
spreadsheets, a process that may be prone to error. ...Spreadsheets
are not linked to each other or a master report. CIRM does not have a
comprehensive list of spreadsheets or instructions for how to
maintain the files or generate reports from them."

Moss Adams said that CIRM needed to do
a better job in "bond forecasting," a reference to the
California state bonds that finance virtually every aspect of the
agency's operations. CIRM directors were caught by surprise a few
years ago when they suddenly learned the agency was up against a
major cash crunch.
Some of the recommendations will
require more work from CIRM grantees and their technology transfer
offices in an effort to track intellectual property and grant outcomes.
The report also recommended a speed-up in CIRM's review of progress
reports from grant recipients, which have been lagging completion by
several months.
The dual executive arrangement, which
was written into law by Prop. 71, has troubled CIRM since nearly day
one. CIRM's own external review panel also identified it as problem
two years ago. The executive structure is virtually impossible to
change because of the political difficulty in making alterations in
the ballot initiative.
Moss-Adams said,

"The working relationship between
the chairman’s office and the president’s office has vastly
improved over the past year, but there are still opportunities for
improvement."

The performance audit recommended,

"Make every effort to manage and
operate as one cohesive organization, while recognizing the varying
roles, responsibilities, and authorities that exist with positions in
both the chairman’s office and president’s office."

One of the top 12 recommendations
involved CIRM's public relations/communications effort. CIRM
Chairman J.T. Thomas told directors last June that the agency was in
a "communications war."
Moss-Adams said,

"CIRM does not have a
communication plan, and there is lack of clarity on how to address
mission-based communication to CIRM’s various target audiences,
especially the general public....The best way to facilitate
results-based communications is to 1) quantify goals and outcomes in
CIRM’s strategic plan and 2) report on achievement of those goals
and outcomes by enhancing CIRM’s annual report with additional
performance-based information."

Another performance assessment of the
stem cell agency is also underway. It is being conducted by the
prestigious Institute of Medicine and is costing CIRM $700,000. That
report is expected this fall.
CIRM's board of directors is scheduled
to consider the Moss Adams report at its meeting May 24.
Our take: While the findings and
recommendations of the performance audit were delicately worded in
many cases, they brought out issues that need to be addressed, many
of which have been around for a great deal of time. At their meeting
next week, CIRM directors should act very directly on the
recommendations. They can do that by requiring a written report each
month from CIRM Chairman J.T. Thomas and CIRM President Alan Trounson
on the specific steps that they are taking to implement the
performance audit's recommendations. Otherwise, the inevitable drift
will set in.

Source:
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$95 Million in California Stem Cell Grants: Preview the Spending


For those interested in how the
California stem cell agency is going to spend its next $95 million,
you can check out short digests today of the 19 research grant applications, including reviewer comments, that are virtually certain of receiving the cash. 
The applications came in what CIRM
calls its "early translational III" round, which is
scheduled to be acted on by the CIRM board May 24 in San Francisco.
Digests of reviewer comments are
part of the directors' meeting agenda. They include scientific
scores, a statement from the applicant and a summary of what
reviewers had to say during their closed door sessions. But you won't
find the names of the applicants, their institutions or businesses.
The stem cell agency conceals the names of the winners until after
the board acts. Names of the unlucky ones are not disclosed by CIRM.
The agency says it does not want to embarrass anybody including the
institutions involved.
However, persons familiar with the area
of science involved may well be able to discern at least some of the
names of applicants from the information contained in the summaries.
Scientific scores of the successful
applicants ranged from 88 to 53. Nine grants scored higher than 53
but were rejected by reviewers(the Grants Working Group). The panel
turned down 22 applications overall. The CIRM board has final
authority on applications, but has almost never rejected a positive
decision by reviewers. Sometimes, however, it will overrule a
negative decision.
One successful application that was
scored at 53 involved ALS. The $1.7 million proposal was approved
for "programmatic reasons," according to the summary.
Often, programmatic motions for approval are made by CIRM board
members sitting on the review panel. However, the summary did not
disclose who made the motion or the vote. The summary said,

"The programmatic reasons provided
were that ALS is a devastating disease that is not well-represented
in CIRM's portfolio."

The other successful application that
scored at 53 sought $6.3 million for research involving heart
disease. The summary did not clearly identify the specific reason for
approving the grant on a programmatic motion. But it said,

 "The
GWG (grants working group) ... advised as a condition for funding
that the applicant consult additional vector specialists with
translational and clinical experience to select a more appropriate
vector to move this program towards the clinic." 

Again CIRM withheld the vote on the
motion and the name of the person who made the motion.
Applicants who have been rejected by
reviewers can appeal to the full board. So far no appeals have been
publicly posted by CIRM. The success rate on such appeals is mixed.
The translational round was open to
both academics and businesses, which have received a tiny fraction of
CIRM's $1.3 billion in spending so far. Some businesses have
complained publicly and, as well, to a panel of the Institute of
Medicine that is evaluating CIRM's performance.
The California Stem Cell Report
yesterday asked CIRM for the number of businesses that applied in the
translational round, including the pre-application process, which is
used to whittle down the total number of applications. The request included total numbers as well. CIRM spokesman
Kevin McCormack declined to produce the figures prior to the CIRM
board meeting, saying they "won't be ready" until after the
session.   

Source:
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California Budget Slashing Misses Stem Cell Agency


The $3 billion California stem cell
agency dodged the governor's financial knife today.
This morning, Gov. Jerry Brown
announced sweeping cuts throughout California state government as he
attempted to close a new, $15.7 billion deficit. A report in the Los
Angeles Times said the governor was "grabbing any spare change available." But this afternoon, in response to a
query, Kevin McCormack, CIRM's spokesman, said,

"The answer is no, we won't be
affected."

The question arose because California's
financial picture is much bleaker than it was just four months ago.
And the stem cell agency's only real source of cash is money borrowed
by the state -- general obligation bonds.
Under Prop. 71, which created the
agency in 2004, the bond funds flow directly to the agency without
intervention by the legislature or the governor. However, Brown has
been chary of additional bond sales since they create an increasing
burden in the form of interest costs. Those costs must be financed
out of money that otherwise might go to the University of
California, K-12 schools and medical help for the poor.
Under an agreement arrived at last year, CIRM has what amounts to a $225 million line of credit with the
state, which should take care of its needs until January. The cash is
coming from short-term borrowing by the state instead of bonds.

The Brown Administration has cut back
on bond borrowing and intends to cut more this fall. According to the state Department of Finance, the cost of borrowing
has declined $173 million this fiscal year, down to $5.2 billion.
CIRM's share of the debt service is more than $200,000 a day.  

Source:
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Painful Decisions Coming Up at Stem Cell Agency


The
Sacramento Bee today ran a piece by yours truly in its California
Forum section.

Here
is an excerpt. You can find the entire article here.

"They're
talking about pain at the $3 billion California stem
cell agency. And mortality. But not the end of life as you and I know
it.

"They're
talking about the pain that comes from cutting off millions of
dollars for scientists. They're talking about what will happen when
the state stops borrowing money to finance stem
cell research –
a final-breath moment that arrives in about five years....

"CIRM's
changing priorities create 'stark tension,' said one board
member, Michael Friedman, CEO of the City of Hope in the Los Angeles
area, in January. 'We're going to have to make some really
painful and difficult decisions,' he told directors.

"CIRM's
success – or lack of it – will play a critical role in its future
finances, whether they are based on another bond measure or private
support."

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Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury: Some Patients Have Long-Term Improvement

Thirty Percent of Patients Show Improved Functioning after Stem Cell Therapy

Philadelphia, Pa. (May 17, 2012) One of the first long-term studies of stem cell treatment for spinal cord injury shows significant functional and other improvements in three out of ten patients, reports a study in the May issue of Neurosurgery, official journal of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons. The journal is published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a part of Wolters Kluwer Health.

The results support the safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the patient's own bone marrow, showing "continuous and gradual motor improvement" in at least some patients with disability caused by spinal cord injury. The lead author of the new study was Dr. Sang Ryong Jeon of University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Evidence of Improved Function after MSC Treatment for Spinal Cord Injury The researchers performed MSC transplantation in ten patients with permanent motor (movement) deficits or paralysis (paraplegia or quadriplegia) after spinal cord injury. Mesenchymal stem cells are a type of "multipotent" cell that can be cultured from adult bone marrow and induced to develop into many different types of cells.

The cultured MSCs were injected directly into the injured spinal cord and the surrounding (intradural) space. Additional cells were injected after another four and eight weeks. The results were assessed by measuring improvement in the patients' ability to move their arms and hands and to perform key activities of daily living. Imaging scans and tests of muscle activity were performed as well.

During the first six months after MSC transplantation, six of the ten patients showed improvement in motor power of the arms and hands. Of these, three patients had gradual improvement in the ability to perform daily activitiesfor example, preparing meals and typing on a keyboard.

These three patients also showed significant changes on MRI scans of the spinal cord, including evidence of healing around the injured area of the spine. They also had improvement in electrophysiologic studies of muscle electrical activity.

No Long-Term Safety Problems of MSC Transplant None of the ten patients had any permanent complications related to MSC transplantation. This helps to alleviate concerns that MSC injection could lead to later problems like the development of tumors or calcifications.

Previous studies have shown promising results with MSC transplantation in animals and humans with spinal cord injury. Mesenchymal cells have some important potential advantages for stem cell therapy, as they are a relatively easily accessible source of the patient's own cells. The ten patients treated by Dr. Jeon and colleagues represent the first attempt at direct spinal injection of MSCs for the treatment of spinal cord injury in humans.

Following up on a previous study reporting initial improvement in six patients, the new paper describes continued improvementincluding meaningful gains in the ability to perform everyday functional tasksin three patients. Dr. Jeon and colleagues note that all three patients with progressive improvement had some "residual neurological function." They write, "Therefore, MSC treatment is more likely to enhance the remaining neurological function rather than rengeneration." They call for further studies to understand the mechanism of improvement after MSC treatment and to clarify which patients with spinal cord injury are most likely to benefit.

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Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury: Some Patients Have Long-Term Improvement

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