Category Archives: Neurology

Football clubs may be required to add neurologists to their medical teams as part of plans to confront concussion in the sport.

Trials of concussion substitutes are expected to be authorised by the games rule-making body, Ifab, next month as the authorities attempt to get to grips with the risk of brain injuries.

But the complexities of implementing a plan, including the possible recruitment of extra medical staff and the logistical and legal challenges around the trials, may mean they are not implemented until the 2021-22 season.

The recent diagnosis of dementia in Sir Bobby Charlton, the death of Nobby Stiles and campaigning by families of former players with dementia have returned focus to the risks of neurodegenerative disease.

On Wednesday the Professional Footballers Association announced it would launch a working group including relatives of former players to help refine its support provisions for former players with neurodegenerative conditions.

There remains great uncertainty over how to best limit the risk in contemporary generations of players, however. Action was taken this year in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland to ban heading in training for under-12s, with some limitations for older children too.

But adults face no limitations on heading practice, with Gary Lineker coming out in favour of restrictions. Theres absolutely no reason to head the ball in training, the former England striker tweeted.

Players face further risks during matches and in December Ifab plans to confirm a protocol that would allow teams extra substitutes in the event of an apparent concussion. If the protocol is approved at Ifabs annual business meeting, competitions will be invited to apply to trial the protocols with campaigners hoping these could begin this season.

Under the protocol, club doctors would have three minutes to evaluate a player on the field before deciding whether to substitute them, though that period could be longer if the player were to leave the pitch.

There are concerns that would be too short a time to properly evaluate the player and it is understood such considerations have meant the Premier League and Football Association are reluctant to commit to implementing the protocol immediately after it is agreed.

The recruitment of a specialist concussion team could be one of the solutions, according to the Ifab secretary, Lukas Brud. Before the protocols can be implemented, logistical and legal frameworks need to be put in place, amendments to the regulations need to be agreed then approved, he said, describing the hurdles to clear before trials can begin.

We are not encouraging the introduction mid-season, only allowing it. It will be down to individual competitions. Will it require a concussion team, a neurologist on hand? These are the questions competitions will ask and they will be required to feed back on challenges.

The announcement of the PFAs neurodegenerative disease working group will also bring extra focus on the plight of former players and their families with these conditions.

After receiving criticism over a perceived lack of support for members with dementia, including from Stiless son John, the players union said the group would help guide the PFA with decisions regarding the support and protection of former and current footballers.

Previously our support has predominantly been based on financial assistance and advice, it said. Now, with the guidance of our working group, we want to ensure a more holistic support system is available for former footballers and their families.

In another development lawyers have called for former players to come forward with their stories before potential legal action. The personal injury specialists John Foy and James Byrne, alongside Nick De Marco QC, are representing a group of players and hope to establish whether clubs and governing bodies have taken timely and proper steps to prevent the injuries we are seeing, according to De Marco.

The litigation is still in its early stages and we still want to hear from professional sports players, De Marco said. By bringing this case we hope not only to provide our clients with adequate compensation to pay for the future medical treatment and care they will inevitably need but also to bring about much-needed reform.

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Clubs may need to hire neurologists as part of plans to combat concussion - The Guardian

News Release

Thursday, November 19, 2020

Researchers using recently developed tools to gain new insights into brain function.

The National Institutes of Health will fund more than 175 grants, totaling nearly $500 million, through the NIHs Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative, part of a large effort among federal and non-federal partners to use knowledge about how the brain works to develop more effective therapies for neurological disorders.

Recent discoveries and new technologies supported by the BRAIN Initiative provide a solid foundation for the next phase of the program, which will focus on large transformative projects and lay the foundation for novel interventions for human brain disorders, said John Ngai, Ph.D., director of the NIH BRAIN Initiative. We are moving closer to a complete list of all of the components in the brain and learning how those parts work together. That knowledge will enable us to develop better treatments for neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases.

The researchers represent a variety of scientific disciplines from chemistry to engineering to psychology and more.

The new awards include efforts to use deep brain stimulation to enhance sleep in people with Parkinsons disease; explore the neural circuits behind pain; employ ultrasound technology to precisely deliver drugs to the brain; and help people with acute spinal cord injury recover movements and bladder control.

Scientists are also making significant advances in human brain imaging by developing a new type of MRI scanner to watch the brain in action as someone moves; generating ultra-high resolution images of brain chemistry using new PET technology; and using ultrasound to noninvasively map brain electrical activity.

Some grants support integrated research on neuroethical implications of BRAIN-funded neuroscience projects, including issues concerning certain types of neurosurgery and ethical challenges of using mobile neuroimaging technology in field studies.

Meanwhile, others will take a unique approach to studying the brain by developing a range of innovative model systems, beyond traditional fruit flies and rodents. For example, they will study the circuits behind the way an octopus sees and makes decisions; how moths detect harmful stimuli; and the brain connections bats use to navigate in the dark. These studies will provide insights into ways that brain circuitry can affect human behavior.

The BRAIN Initiative started in 2013 as a large-scale effort to accelerate neuroscience research by providing researchers with tools to study and treat human brain disorders. The NIH BRAIN Initiative has focused on brain circuit structure and function as well as the development of technologies to manipulate connections. To date, more than 900 awards totaling approximately $1.8 billion have been supported by the NIH BRAIN Initiative, which is collaboratively managed by 10 institutes.

A number of BRAIN Initiative-supported research findings have been published over the past year including identification of neurons that help rats envision future scenarios; the discovery of specific cells activated by general anesthesia and that may be potential targets for chronic pain treatments; advances in imaging technology that can measure brain activity up to 3,000 times per second in animals; examining nonverbal behavior in people with severe depression who receive deep brain stimulation; watching as odor-sensing cells within the nose react to complex smells; finding brain cells that can initiate torpor, a state of inactivity similar to hibernation; and a new device that may allow real-time control of prosthetic limbs.

For more information, please visit:https://braininitiative.nih.gov/

The NIH BRAIN Initiative is managed by 10 institutes whose missions and current research portfolios complement the goals of the BRAIN Initiative: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Eye Institute, National Institute on Aging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit http://www.nih.gov.

NIHTurning Discovery Into Health

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New NIH BRAIN Initiative awards move toward solving brain disorders - National Institutes of Health

Global Enteral Feeding Device Used for Neurology Market 2020 by Manufacturers, Type and Application, Forecast to 2025 released by MarketsandResearch.biz is the most important research for those who look for complete and authenticate information on the Enteral Feeding Device Used for Neurology market. The report compiles data on market size, market growth trends that will help its buyer to capture opportunities, to know and minimize probable risks, as well as to analyze the strategies of key companies in the market. The report offers a detailed assessment of the market to understand the current trend of the market and figure outs the expected market trend for the market for the forecast period from 2020 to 2025. Then, an in-depth competitive landscape, defined growth opportunities, market share coupled with product type and applications, key companies responsible for the production have been highlighted in the report.

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Global Enteral Feeding Device Used for Neurology Market 2020 Top Manufactures, Growth Opportunities and Investment Feasibility 2025 - The Daily...

Have you ever wondered if that glass of red wine with dinner might have triggered the pounding headache you felt later that night? The answer might be yes.

"Several studies show a link between food and beverages and migraines," says Thomas Berk, MD, neurologist and headache specialist at NYU Langone Health and Assistant Professor of Neurology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine.

Migraine affects over one billion people worldwide, and 39 million in the US alone. Learn more about the disease, including the most common foods that can trigger a migraine.

The difference between headaches and migraines is largely to do with the severity of the pain.

A headache can be uncomfortable and last for hours to days. Whereas a migraine is considered to be a neurological disease and the most debilitating type of headache, with more than 90% of sufferers incapable of working or doing normal activities during a migraine attack.

"A headache is any kind of pain in the head or face, and there are over 120 different kinds of headaches, which include migraines," says Berk.

A migraine generally includes severe throbbing pain, typically on one side of the head, and it can last from four to 72 hours. Additional symptoms may include sensitivity to light, sound, and smell, nausea, vomiting, and a visual disturbance known as an aura.

"There is no universal food or beverage that triggers migraines," says Berk. Everyone predisposed to migraines has different triggers, some of which may be food or drink-related. Whatever the trigger may be, all migraine triggers affect the brain in the same way by lowering the threshold to migraines.

Here's an example of what could happen. You drink a glass of wine, which is a migraine trigger for you. That drink leads to the creation of inflammatory neurotransmitters that are produced in the brain. Those neurotransmitters make the blood vessels around the brain dilate, and the nerve endings send signals back to the brain to feel symptoms such as pain, sensitivity to light, nausea, and more.

Based on Berk's research and discussions with patients, here is his list of the eight most common foods, drinks, and food-related triggers for migraine headaches:

"Migraine disease is complex and affected by many factors," says Simy Parikh, MD, program director of Thomas Jefferson University's Post-Graduate Certificate Program in Advanced Headache Diagnosis and Management and Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at Thomas Jefferson University.

Here Parikh offers some steps you can take to potentially reduce migraine triggers:

Eat healthily and consistently. You may have noticed that the migraine trigger list was lacking a few major food groups "healthy" foods such as fruits, vegetables, and protein, in particular. A 2020 review showed that most "migraine-friendly" healthy eating plans, such as low-fat diets, provided a decrease in the frequency of migraine attacks.

In addition to eating healthy foods, it's important to keep a consistent eating schedule to avoid migraines.

"Low blood glucose can trigger headaches," says Parikh. To keep your blood sugar steady, eat at roughly the same time every day without an extended amount of time between meals, she says. Parikh also suggests to all of her patients to maintain a healthy diet and weight.

Track food triggers and eliminate them from your diet. Since multiple factors contribute to migraines, many sufferers keep a headache diary. This is where they can list the frequency, duration, and intensity of migraines, as well as possible triggers, including food and drink.

If a food, beverage, or additive is identified as a possible trigger, Parikh suggests avoiding it for a month to see what happens. It's important to eliminate only one potential exposure each month, otherwise, you won't be certain what is triggering an attack.

Tracking the impact of a dietary change can help distinguish actual food triggers from migraine-associated food cravings. It's also important to work with a doctor when making any diet changes, says Parikh.

Get your sleep. Sleep and migraine are closely linked. A 2020 review showed the two-way relationship between sleep disorders and migraines. In other words, poor sleep quality is a trigger for migraines, and migraine sufferers are also at an increased risk of sleep disorders. To reduce the risk of sleep as a trigger for migraines, Parikh recommends that her patients stick to a specific sleep schedule.

Reduce stress. Stress can also trigger migraines. In fact, in one study, four out of every five people with migraines reported stress as a trigger. Here are some ways to reduce stress:

Certain foods, drinks, and additives may trigger migraines, and tracking them in a headache diary with one elimination per month may be helpful. Getting good quality sleep, exercise, and reducing stress can also reduce migraine attacks.

Migraines can be brutally painful and life-altering. The causes of migraines are complex and not always known. However, research has shown that there are ways to potentially lessen the frequency, duration, and intensity of attacks.

Parikh emphasizes that it's important to support migraine sufferers and not blame them for trigger exposures that may provoke migraine attacks. "There are many factors that come together to cause migraines, and you can do everything 'right' and still get them," she says.

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8 foods and drinks that are common migraine triggers, according to a neurologist - Insider - INSIDER

Neurovascular Devices/Interventional Neurology Market 2020: Latest Analysis:

The most recent Neurovascular Devices/Interventional Neurology Market Research study includes some significant activities of the current market size for the worldwide Neurovascular Devices/Interventional Neurology market. It presents a point by point analysis dependent on the exhaustive research of the market elements like market size, development situation, potential opportunities, and operation landscape and trend analysis. This report centers around the Neurovascular Devices/Interventional Neurology-business status, presents volume and worth, key market, product type, consumers, regions, and key players.

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Neurovascular Devices/Interventional Neurology Market Forecast to 2028: How it is Going to Impact on Global Industry to Grow in Near Future -...

Newswise Neurologists are researching whether a novel immunomodulatory treatment, OP-101, can dampen lung and brain injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients through a clinical trial at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).

OP-101 is an investigational compound developed byAshvattha Therapeuticsto selectively attack the proinflammatory macrophages and microglia, which are the immune cells responsible for hyperinflammation, lung injury, and multi-organ failure caused by infections.

We see this type of hyperinflammation in a number of neurological disorders, including Parkinsons and Alzheimers disease, saidAaron Gusdon, MD, an assistant professor in the Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth and principal investigator of the Houston site of the study. Now were seeing the same activation of the innate immune system in COVID-19 patients that drives production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to patients becoming rapidly critically ill. OP-101 has shown to robustly suppress hyperinflammation in a number of different disorders, so were investigating if this targeted approach can help patients with severe cases of COVID-19 as well.

Unlike single agent approaches, like antibodies, that address only one pathway, the treatment is intended to seek out and selectively shut down cells that are proinflammatory and restore the macrophages to a normal state.

The hope is that since it only targets the activated component of the innate immune system, it will have fewer side effects and less risk of a concurrent infection compared with some steroids and antibodies that broadly suppresses the whole immune system, said Gusdon, a neurologist with UTHealth Neurosciences.

In COVID-19 patients, we know the lungs and sometimes the brain become severely inflamed, saidLouise McCullough, MD, PhD,professor and Roy M. And Phyllis Gough Huffington Distinguished Chair in the Department of Neurology at McGovern Medical School and co-investigator of the OP-101 Houston site. Were seeing that trend play out in the long-hauler patients, as the inflammation can lead to long-term symptoms like confusion, fatigue, and depression. Were interested to see if selectively targeting the activated cells in the lungs, blood, and brain, can help dampen the cytokine storm and possibly prevent the consequences of lung and brain injury for these patients down the road. McCullough is also the co-director of UTHealth Neurosciences and chief of the Neurology Service at Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center.

McCullough is treating patients with neurological long-hauler symptoms at theUT Physicians Post-COVID-19 clinic, which is part of the UTHealth COVID-19 Center of Excellence and was the first post-coronavirus clinic in Houston.

The Phase II trial, called PRANA, is taking place at Memorial Hermann-Southwest and Memorial Hermann-Memorial City, along with several other sites across the country.

Were proud to offer some of the most innovative care not only to patients in the Texas Medical Center, but in surrounding sites as well, McCullough said.

At the Houston site, seven patients have been enrolled so far, and researchers are seeking two to four more. The national study will enroll approximately 24 patients.

Patients will be randomized to one infusion of OP-101 or placebo, in addition to standard-of-care therapy. Researchers will evaluate whether the treatment reduced inflammation, improved fever and oxygenation, and reduced the number of days without a ventilator, or time in the intensive care unit.

This research builds on a strong foundation of COVID-19 neurological research that McCullough andH. Alex Choi, MD, have built since the start of the pandemic.

Were a good fit to be on the front lines of coronavirus research because in addition to being neurologists, were also intensivists, said Choi, associate professor and vice chair ad interim for neuro critical care with McGovern Medical School, and a neurologist at UTHealth Neurosciences. Were interested in how systemic changes like sepsis and respiratory failure impact long-term cognitive functioning. We have established a prospective longitudinal study of COVID patients to understand how severe systemic inflammation can cause brain injury and long-term symptoms. We need to be part of the solution and understand how coronavirus affects patients long-term. Choi is also the director of neurocritical care for Memorial Hermann Health System and director of the neuroscience intensive care unit at Memorial Hermann-TMC.

For more information about the PRANA Phase II study, call 713-500-UTHN (8846) or visitclinicaltrials.gov.

Media inquiries: 713-500-3030

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Neurologists test novel compound for lung and brain injury in severe COVID-19 patients - Newswise