Category Archives: Psoriasis

La psoriasis (AFI:[soja.sis], del griego , picor) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crnica de la piel de origen autoinmune,[1] que produce lesiones escamosas engrosadas e inflamadas, con una amplia variabilidad clnica y evolutiva. No es contagiosa, aunque s puede ser hereditaria, es ms probable que la hereden los hombres que las mujeres.

Puede afectar a cualquier parte de la piel, frecuentemente a las zonas de codos, rodillas, cuero cabelludo, abdomen y espalda. No es raro que produzca afectacin de las uas. Esto se conoce como psoriasis ungueal. Las uas pueden ser la nica zona afectada al principio de la psoriasis. En ocasiones produce complicaciones como la artritis psorisica.

La clasificacin ms utilizada se organiza segn los sntomas, los tipos de lesiones cutneas y la gravedad general del cuadro. Es la clasificacin ms til para la eleccin de su tratamiento y para el conocimiento del pronstico de la enfermedad en cada paciente. La clasificacin est detallada en el apartado Cuadro clnico. En la antigedad era falsamente diagnosticada como lepra, debido a la similitud de sintomatologa.

Se estima que entre un 1 y un 3% de la poblacin sufre de psoriasis.[2][3]

La prevalencia de la psoriasis vara entre las diferentes poblaciones de todo el mundo.[4] Los datos indican que la aparicin de la psoriasis vara segn la edad (menor en los nios) y regin geogrfica, siendo ms frecuente en los pases ms distantes del ecuador.[5] Las tasas de prevalencia en Europa se calculan en alrededor del 1,5%, mientras que en los EE.UU. se estima que la incidencia es aproximadamente del 4,6%. En contraste, se han observado tasas de prevalencia mucho ms bajas entre los afroamericanos, los pases africanos del este, India (0,7%) y China (0,4%).[6]

Si bien puede debutar a cualquier edad, suele hacerlo entre los 15 y los 35aos, con un pico mximo de incidencia en la segunda dcada. Afecta por igual a ambos sexos, aunque es ms precoz en mujeres y en personas con antecedentes familiares.

La psoriasis puede aparecer tambin en la infancia. Aproximadamente un tercio de los pacientes registrados fueron diagnosticados antes de los 20 aos,[7] acentundose en estos casos los posibles problemas de autoestima y comportamiento asociados a la enfermedad. Investigaciones clnicas han hecho referencia a casos de acoso escolar debidos a la enfermedad.

La psoriasis es una enfermedad multifactorial compleja,[4] de origen autoinmune,[1] y su etiologa exacta es en gran parte desconocida. Se ha demostrado una predisposicin gentica, la cual sin embargo no puede explicar completamente la patognesis de la enfermedad. Adems de la susceptibilidad gentica, se suman factores ambientales, as como el gnero y la edad. Recientemente, ciertos desequilibrios en los mecanismos de regulacin epigenticos se indican como elementos causales en la psoriasis.[4]

La herencia de esta enfermedad es posiblemente polignica. Se ha demostrado una importante agregacin familiar,[8] con una concordancia aproximada en gemelos monocigticos del 60%[6] y la asociacin a determinados HLA.

En este sentido, se asocia la predisposicin a psoriasis con los antgenos HLA-CW6, y HLA-DR7. Adems, existe correlacin entre el tipo clnico de psoriasis y otros antgenos HLA. Por ejemplo, el HLA-B17 se asocia a un inicio ms precoz y un curso ms grave, y el HLA-B27 est relacionado con la forma pustulosa generalizada.[9]

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Psoriasis - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

Psoriasis (//; from Greek , meaning "itching condition" or "being itchy",[1] from psora, "itch" and -sis, "action, condition"; also termed psoriasis vulgaris)[2] is a common, chronic, relapsing/remitting, immune-mediated systemic disease characterized by skin lesions including red, scaly patches, papules, and plaques, which usually itch.[2][3] The skin lesions seen in psoriasis may vary in severity from minor localized patches to complete body coverage.[2]

The five main types of psoriasis are plaque, guttate, inverse, pustular, and erythrodermic.[4] Plaque psoriasis, the most common form, typically manifests as red and white scaly patches on the top layer of the skin. Skin cells rapidly accumulate at these plaque sites and create a silvery-white appearance. Plaques frequently occur on the skin of the elbows and knees, but can affect any area, including the scalp, palms of hands, and soles of feet, and genitals. In contrast to eczema, psoriasis is more likely to be found on the outer side of the joint. Fingernails and toenails are frequently affected (psoriatic nail dystrophy) and can be seen as an isolated sign. Inflammation of the joints, known as psoriatic arthritis, affects up to 30% of individuals with psoriasis.[5]

The causes of psoriasis are not fully understood. It is not purely a skin disorder and can have a negative impact on many organ systems. Psoriasis has been associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, and other immune-mediated disorders such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It is generally considered a genetic disease, thought to be triggered or influenced by environmental factors.[2] Psoriasis develops when the immune system mistakes a normal skin cell for a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that cause overproduction of new skin cells. It is not contagious.[6]Oxidative stress,[7]stress, and withdrawal of a systemic corticosteroid have each been suggested as a trigger for psoriasis.[8] Injury to the skin can trigger local psoriatic skin changes known as the Koebner phenomenon.[9]

No cure is available for psoriasis,[6] but various treatments can help to control the symptoms.[10][11] The effectiveness and safety of targeted immune therapies is being studied, and several have been approved (or rejected for safety concerns) by regulatory authorities. The disease affects 24% of the general population.[12]

Psoriasis vulgaris (also known as chronic stationary psoriasis or plaque-like psoriasis) is the most common form and affects 85%90% of people with psoriasis.[13] Plaque psoriasis typically appears as raised areas of inflamed skin covered with silvery-white scaly skin. These areas are called plaques and are most commonly found on the elbows, knees, scalp, and back.[13][14]Psoriatic erythroderma (erythrodermic psoriasis) involves widespread inflammation and exfoliation of the skin over most of the body surface. It may be accompanied by severe itching, swelling and pain. It is often the result of an exacerbation of unstable plaque psoriasis, particularly following the abrupt withdrawal of systemic glucocorticoids.[15] This form of psoriasis can be fatal as the extreme inflammation and exfoliation disrupt the body's ability to regulate temperature and perform barrier functions.[16]

A person's arm covered with plaque psoriasis

Pustular psoriasis appears as raised bumps filled with noninfectious pus (pustules).[17] The skin under and surrounding the pustules is red and tender.[18] Pustular psoriasis can be localized, commonly to the hands and feet (palmoplantar pustulosis), or generalized with widespread patches occurring randomly on any part of the body. Acrodermatitis continua is a form of localized psoriasis limited to the fingers and toes that may spread to the hands and feet.[18]Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris is another form of localized pustular psoriasis similar to acrodermatitis continua with pustules erupting from red, tender, scaly skin found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.[18]

Generalized pustular psoriasis (pustular psoriasis of von Zumbusch), also known as impetigo herpetiformis during pregnancy,[19] is a rare and severe form of psoriasis that may require hospitalization. The development of generalized pustular psoriasis is often caused by an infection, abrupt withdrawal of topical corticosteroid treatment, pregnancy, hypocalcemia, medications, or following an irritating topical treatment for plaque psoriasis.[18] This form of psoriasis is characterized by an acute onset of numerous pustules on top of tender red skin. This skin eruption is often accompanied by a fever, muscle aches, nausea, and an elevated white blood cell count.[18]Annular pustular psoriasis (APP), a rare form of generalized pustular psoriasis, is the most common type seen during childhood.[19] APP tends to occur in women more frequently than in men, and is usually less severe than other forms of generalized pustular psoriasis such as impetigo herpetiformis.[19] This form of psoriasis is characterized by ring-shaped plaques with pustules around the edges and yellow crusting.[19] APP most often affects the torso, neck, arms, and legs.[19]

Additional types of psoriasis affecting the skin include inverse psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, oral psoriasis, and seborrheic-like psoriasis.[20]

Inverse psoriasis (also known as flexural psoriasis) appears as smooth, inflamed patches of skin. The patches frequently affect skin folds, particularly around the genitals (between the thigh and groin), the armpits, in the skin folds of an overweight abdomen (known as panniculus), between the buttocks in the intergluteal cleft, and under the breasts in the inframammary fold. Heat, trauma, and infection are thought to play a role in the development of this atypical form of psoriasis.[21]Napkin psoriasis is a subtype of psoriasis common in infants characterized by red papules with silver scale in the diaper area that may extend to the torso or limbs.[22] Napkin psoriasis is often misdiagnosed as napkin dermatitis.[23]

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Psoriasis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Psoriasis (say "suh-RY-uh-sus") is a long-term (chronic) skin problem that causes skin cells to grow too quickly, resulting in thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin.

Normally, skin cells grow gradually and flake off about every 4 weeks. New skin cells grow to replace the outer layers of the skin as they shed.

But in psoriasis , new skin cells move rapidly to the surface of the skin in days rather than weeks. They build up and form thick patches called plaques (say "plax"). The patches range in size from small to large. They most often appear on the knees, elbows, scalp, hands, feet, or lower back. Psoriasis is most common in adults. But children and teens can get it too.

Having psoriasis can be embarrassing, and many people, especially teens, avoid swimming and other situations where patches can show. But there are many types of treatment that can help keep psoriasis under control.

Experts believe that psoriasis occurs when the immune system overreacts, causing inflammation and flaking of skin. In some cases, psoriasis runs in families.

People with psoriasis often notice times when their skin gets worse. Things that can cause these flare-ups include a cold and dry climate, infections, stress, dry skin, and taking certain medicines.

Psoriasis isn't contagious. It can't be spread by touch from person to person.

Symptoms of psoriasis appear in different ways. Psoriasis can be mild, with small areas of rash. When psoriasis is moderate or severe, the skin gets inflamed with raised red areas topped with loose, silvery, scaling skin. If psoriasis is severe, the skin becomes itchy and tender. And sometimes large patches form and may be uncomfortable. The patches can join together and cover large areas of skin, such as the entire back.

In some people, psoriasis causes joints to become swollen, tender, and painful. This is called psoriatic arthritis (say "sor-ee-AT-ik ar-THRY-tus"). This arthritis can also affect the fingernails and toenails, causing the nails to pit, change color, and separate from the nail bed. Dead skin may build up under the nails.

Symptoms often disappear (go into remission), even without treatment, and then return (flare up).

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Psoriasis Causes, Symptoms, Treatments - WebMD

Psoriasis facts Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Patients with psoriasis tend to be obese and are predisposed to diabetes and heart disease. Psoriasis can be initiated by certain environmental triggers. A predisposition for psoriasis is inherited in genes. Though psoriasis symptoms and signs vary depending on the type of psoriasis, they typically include red or pink thickened skin, scaly areas, raised patches of skin. Psoriasis is not contagious. Psoriasis gets better and worse spontaneously and can have periodic remissions (clear skin). Psoriasis is controllable with medication. Psoriasis is currently not curable. There are many promising new therapies, including newer biologic drugs. What is psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a noncontagious skin condition that produces plaques of thickened, scaling skin. The dry flakes of skin scales are thought to result from the excessively rapid proliferation of skin cells that is triggered by inflammatory chemicals produced by specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes. Psoriasis commonly affects the skin of the elbows, knees, and scalp.

Some people have such mild psoriasis (small, faint dry skin patches) that they may not even suspect that they have a medical skin condition. Others have very severe psoriasis where virtually their entire body is fully covered with red, scaly skin.

Psoriasis is considered an incurable, long-term (chronic) skin condition. It has a variable course, periodically improving and worsening. It is not unusual for psoriasis to spontaneously clear for years and stay in remission. Many people note a worsening of their symptoms in the colder winter months.

Psoriasis affects all races and both sexes. Although psoriasis can be seen in people of any age, from babies to seniors, most commonly patients are first diagnosed in their early adult years. The quality of life of patients with psoriasis is often diminished because of the appearance of their skin. Recently, it has become clear that people with psoriasis are more likely to have diabetes, high blood lipids, and heart disease. There are hypotheses as to how this might related to their overall ability to control inflammation. Caring for psoriasis takes medical teamwork.

Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 3/31/2015

Psoriasis - Effective Treatments Question: What kinds of treatments have been effective for your psoriasis?

Psoriasis - Symptoms Question: What symptoms and signs did you experience with psoriasis?

Scalp Psoriasis - Creams and Lotions Question: Which creams or lotions (topical medications) have helped you treat scalp psoriasis?

Psoriasis - Diet Question: Do certain foods positively or negatively impact your psoriasis?

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Psoriasis: Diet, Treatment, Pictures, Symptoms, and Causes

Psoriasis: Causes, treatment and control
Today on Fit Rahe India: What kind of diet should you follow if you are suffering from psoriasis? What kind of treatment is administered to patients suffering from this condition? Red and...

By: NDTV

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Psoriasis: Causes, treatment and control - Video

How To Clear Cradle Cap (Or Adult Psoriasis / Seborrhoeic Dermatitis)
How To Remove Cradle Cap List of high oleic acid oils you can use Sunflower oil (high oleic version) - 80% Tea seed oil - 79% Safflower oil (high oleic version) - 75% Olive oil - 69% Avocado...

By: Natural Hair Growth by Neno Natural

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How To Clear Cradle Cap (Or Adult Psoriasis / Seborrhoeic Dermatitis) - Video