Category Archives: Nanotechnology

Q: Would you agree with the statement ‘Egypt is not yet ready’ for nanotechnology?
Abdel-Mottaleb: This is a statement used by people who are simply trying to maintain the status quo; it is absolutely baseless and has no foundation whatsoever. Actually, if anything, nanotechnology is one of the best options for Egypt to move forward, whether it is on a scientific basis or economical basis.

Nanotechnology’s research cost might be a little bit expensive in certain areas but the beauty of it is that you don’t need to have the expensive equipment in every single lab; it can be made available in centralized locations where you have access to them or [...] to other groups who do not own them. This is actually one of the problems in the Egyptian approach to nanotechnology: I was personally involved in starting up three nanotechnology research labs, none of which really looked at the utilization of the equipment. They were budgeting equipment worth millions of dollars, the utilization of which is only 10% — that’s a waste of resources.

Q: Ahmed Zewail, the Nobel Prize laureate in chemistry, has said that ‘research and development is not a luxury, as some believe, reserved for the rich or developed countries.’ Would you agree?
Abdel-Mottaleb: Certainly, this is absolutely true and if you look at any country that actually developed in the past 50 years, its technology was the basis of such development, and investing in research and development (R&D) is at its core. One just has to be careful not to invest in everything in R&D and to really focus otherwise they’re wasting money. We really need to build on what we have, not claim that nothing that exists here in Egypt and build everything from scratch — that is a waste of energy and time. Again, we really need to build on what we have.

Now in terms of potential benefits to Egyptian citizens, I don’t believe that there is any technology in the world that can prove to society the importance of R&D and science as quickly as nanotechnology. […] Look at an issue as simple as health care — and I’m not even going to talk about drugs, I’m just going to talk about hygiene. [The] Egyptian health care system suffers tremendously from [poor] hygiene in hospitals.

There are solutions in nanotechnology that maintain a very high level of hygiene through applying specific types of paint that would kill bacteria, so if the cleaning staff doesn’t do their job correctly, the paint will cover for that. Now this is a very simple and cheap application. If you deploy such an application, you’ve solved the problem. [...] There are very cheap solutions.

On another note, Egypt suffers from electricity outages and blackouts in the summer. The reason is the overload from air conditioners used to combat the really high temperature of Egypt’s summer.

The problem is the temperature is so high outside and our homes are not insulated properly to combat the heat. In Europe and the US and many other parts of the world, homes are insulated properly from the building phase.

We don’t have the [capacity] to do that and right now with all these houses that are not properly insulated. If you use traditional technology, the only solution would be to demolish these houses, re-build them and install proper insulation from the beginning. The air conditioners keep trying to cool [the houses] down while the heat keeps coming in through the walls so the air conditioning units have to work more and more […]. If you insulate that incoming heat, you’ve solved the problem — your air conditioners don’t have to work that hard to cool the room down.

Now nanotechnology provides commercial applications that do exist in the market; a paint that would insulate the house from at least 10% of the heat coming in. It has been proven that [in] using this technology, you cut your electricity consumption down by 50%.

Who on earth would dare to say that we cannot benefit from this or we should not get into this […]? We should, and that’s why we started the nanotechnology master’s program at Nile University [in 2010]. We are strong believers that this technology can really [solve] a lot of the problems we’re facing in Egypt.

Q: Can you comment about the applications of nanotechnology?
Abdel-Mottaleb: Yes, that is something we’re working on and that is something the entire world is working on. You have to understand that the essence of nanotechnology is simply manipulating materials. We are not inventing new materials — it’s old materials [of which] we are discovering new properties […] and thus we discover new ways of using them.

Most nanotechnology applications, [...] or the core of the applications, are seeing solutions developed in different sectors and taking these solutions and applying it in another sector.

I’ll give you an example that may clarify [this] a little bit. The materials used in producing the paint that kills bacteria are widely available worldwide and actually Egypt is very rich in them.

It’s not a drug, but it kills bacteria by breaking down its cell membranes — they cannot survive. It has been discovered that these same materials, if used on windshields for example, can prevent your windshield from fogging up.

Also, the oil and gas industry has a huge problem in their drilling equipment because there are bacteria that grow in and around the oil wells that produce sulfur gas which really damages the metals [of their drilling equipment]. For quite a long time, the oil and gas industry’s solution to this problem had been to cover the metal parts used for drilling in chrome. The problem with that is these parts become severely worn during drilling and the moment the chrome cover gets scratched, [it becomes useless].

If I remember correctly, we were at one of the very first nanotechnology workshops for the oil and gas industry in 2008 where this problem was being discussed. All [the] nanotechnologists didn’t even think about it when [industry experts] spoke about [this problem] because it’s so obvious to us.

To us, they were looking at the problem in the wrong way: Why are they trying to protect the metal, when they could just kill the bacteria instead? It’s a lot easier. […] The material […] to kill the bacteria is the same material used for the paint that is used in health care facilities for the same purpose. We discovered that health care has been using this technology for quite a while […] to disinfect wounds.
So [nanotechnology] really is multi-disciplinary in that you’re looking at applications for one thing, you modify it completely to fit something else, but in the end it’s the same material.

You’ll find that the applications of nanotechnology are really wide and the idea to develop the methodology is very important. How do you approach the problem? And that’s what keeps nanotechnology unique. But in the end, it’s just fundamental chemistry and fundamental physics that you’re using to develop this technology. bt

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Q: Would you agree with the statement ‘Egypt is not yet ready’ for nanotechnology? Abdel-Mottaleb:

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/3a5f9b/microfluidic_devic) has announced the addition of John Wiley and Sons Ltd's new book "Microfluidic Devices in Nanotechnology Handbook, 2 Volume Set" to their offering.

This two-volume set covers fundamental concepts and applications highlighting the synergy between microfluidics and nanotechnology. Volume 1 provides readers with up-to-date knowledge about fluid and particle kinetics, spatiotemporal control, fluid dynamics, residence time distribution and nanoparticle focusing within microfluidics. Volume 2 discusses its applications in fields ranging from chemistry, biology, molecular and cell biology, neuroscience, catalysis and nanomaterials synthesis. For nanomaterials chemists, this book provides an excellent source of information covering a wide variety of microfluidic-based approaches for synthesis of metallic as well as non metallic nanomaterials.

This2-Volume set covers fundamental conceptsand applications highlighting thesynergy between microfludics and nanotechnology. Volume 1provides readers up-to-date knowledge about fluid and particle kinetics, spatiotemporal control, fluid dynamics, residence time distribution and nanoparticle focusing within micro fluidics. The fundamental concepts discussed here are invaluable for both nanotechnology and micro fluidic practitioners.

The book has a total of nine chapters beginning with a comprehensive discussion on physics, modeling, technological components, and fabrication of micro fluidics along with information on future directions and probable techniques and applications that will drive the cutting edge research in micro fluidics. The rest of the book stimulates conversations on micro fluidic devices as enabling technologies. Highlighting the importance of a pre concentration strategy, the book also covers various methods for particle manipulation such as electrofluidic, and DC and AC electrokinetic methods.

Finally, as residence time distribution (RTD) is one of the most relevant when nanomaterials are synthesized within microfludics, the book also provides the residence time distribution (RTD) for the formation of different types of nanoparticles. Volume 2 providesa source of information that elements of microfluidics and nanotechnology and shows a way forward for exciting applications in fields ranging from chemistry, biology, molecular ona chip systems for drug delivery (also called bioMEMS), separating bioanalytes using electrophoresis, genomic, proteomics and cellomics, the book is a must for biologists and biochemists. Highlighting the importance of nanoneuroscience, the book educates the reader on the discipline of microfluidics to study the nervous system at the single-cell level, and decipher physiological processes and responses of cells of neural origin.

For a nanomaterials chemist interested in novel approaches for synthesis of nanomaterials, the book provides an excellent source of information covering a wide variety of microfluidicbased approaches for synthesis of metallic as well as non metallic nanomaterials. Finally, opening a window for next generation alternative energy portable power devices, nanocatalyst development for industrially useful reactions in silicon-based micro reactors is discussed especially in the context of syngas conversion to higher alkanes; which could solve current difficulties of storage and transportation by converting natural gas into liquid fuels.

Author:

Challa Kumar, is a Group Leader for Nanofabrication at the Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (CAMD) at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and is President and CEO of Magnano Technologies. He is winner of the 2006 Nano 50 Technology Award for his work in Magnetic-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Imaging & Treatment. Challa earned his Ph.D degree in Synthetic Organic Chemistry from Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prashantinilyam, India.

For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/3a5f9b/microfluidic_devic

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Research and Markets: Microfluidic Devices in Nanotechnology Handbook, 2 Volume Set

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ef60a3/the_nanotechnology) has announced the addition of the "The Nanotechnology Opportunity in Food and Drinks Packaging" report to their offering.

Nanotechnology has many potential applications in food and drinks packaging, particularly in beverages, meat, poultry, vegetables, and fruit. Nanotechnology adds extra barrier properties to help prevent spoilage for longer. New developments are also increasing the functionality of nanotechnology, helping to create packaging that can detect when food has been spoiled or contaminated.

Highlights:

The development of plastics incorporating nanocomposites, which act as a barrier for gases, has meant that manufacturers can start to use plastic instead of other expensive and heavyweight packaging types. Nanoclays work with standard materials to enhance packaging quality, making it stiffer, tougher, more flexible, or enhancing barrier properties. Cost is an issue. The limited number of companies involved in the nanotechnology packaging industry means that there is little competition and less incentive to lower product prices. Equally, the products are currently produced on a much smaller scale than traditional packaging materials, and therefore they do not benefit from economies of scale. With much discussion surrounding nanotechnology, particularly concerning its potential effect on human health, some form of legislation may be enacted in the near future, particularly for nanomaterials that come into contact with consumer products such as food, or food packaging, potentially causing delays in getting products to market.

Key Topics Covered:

Introduction to nanotechnology

Drivers and inhibitors for nanotech in packaging

Current uses in food and drinks packaging

Emerging uses in food and drinks packaging

The future of nanotech in food and drinks packaging

Companies Mentioned:

Admiral Group plc Amer Sports Corporation Arriva plc CMS Energy Corporation Devoteam SA Hutchison 3G UK Limited Informa plc Nordea Bank AB Schindler Holding Ltd. TNS, Inc. Videocon Industries Ltd. Wolters Kluwer nv

For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/ef60a3/the_nanotechnology.

Source: Business Insights

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Research and Markets: The Nanotechnology Opportunity in Food and Drinks Packaging

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/db6f1e/nanotechnology_and) has announced the addition of the "Nanotechnology and Energy: Science, Promises and its Limits" book to their offering.

The importance of innovation in the way that energy is currently supplied is crucial given the finite resources and the impact of their use on the global environment in the form of climate change. Optimising the current energy supply and energy demand patterns or developing new conventional and renewable energy technologies to meet the ever increasing global demand for energy will require ground-breaking advances in research, for example, to increase energy efficiency or enable the uptake of renewable energy in the market. Novel breakthroughs in the cutting edge field of nanotechnology, as a cross-sectional technology, show potential to be applied across the whole value chain of the energy sector (energy sources, energy conversion, energy distribution, energy storage and energy usage).

This book gives an overview of nanotechnological applications within the value chain of the energy sector and evaluates selected applications and their direct and indirect impacts on the energy sec-tor. It presents selected nanotechnological applications which influence the energy economy significantly. Furthermore the book gives a comprehensive description of the impacts and outcomes of selected nanotechnological applications on energy consumption, energy sources, energy supply and the energy industry in Germany and shows the potential of these applications for energy savings, improvement in energy efficiency and the reduction of emissions until 2030.

KEY FEATURES

Discusses different applications of nanotechnology in the energy sector ranging from dye solar cells, superconductors, aerogels and smart windows Contributions by leading authors in the field of nanotechnology Includes a comprehensive overview of the impacts and influences of selected nanotech-nological applications on the energy sector in Germany Shows the potential of nanotechnological applications for energy savings, improvement in energy efficiency and the reduction of emissions

READERSHIP Engineers, academics, researchers, consultants and professionals from the energy sector or the field of nanotechnology.

AUTHORS

Jochen Lambauer (Universitt Stuttgart, Germany), Alfred Vo (Universitt Stuttgart, Germany), Ulrich Fahl (Universitt Stuttgart, Germany)

For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/db6f1e/nanotechnology_and

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Research and Markets: Nanotechnology and Energy: Science, Promises and its Limits

NEW YORK, Feb. 13, 2012  /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery : Global Market for Nanocarriers

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0770731/Nanotechnology-for-Drug-Delivery---Global-Market-for-Nanocarriers.html#utm_source=prnewswire&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=Drug_Delivery_Technology

Nanocarriers will account for 40% of a $136 billion nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery market by 2021. We forecast the total market size in 2021 to be US$136 billion, with a 60/40 split between nanocrystals and nanocarriers respectively, although developing new targeted delivery mechanisms may allow more value to be created for companies and entrepreneurs.

Of the 10 nanocarrier technologies studied, liposomes and gold nanocarriers account for 45% of the total addressable market. Liposomes will offer the largest addressable market ($15 billion) in 2021 while gold nanocarriers will see the highest compound annual growth rate (CAGR)—53.8%—in the next decade.

Drugs are loaded into nanocarriers (also called nanoshells or nanoparticles, between 1 and 100 nm), then transported through the body to the target site. This kind of targeted drug delivery for the treatment of cancers is one of the most anticipated and discussed benefits of nanotechnology-enabled medicine as it offers a level of accuracy in delivering drugs that far surpasses present methods. Typically over 90% of a drug is wasted in the body, which leads to unwanted side effects. Modern chemotherapy bombards patients with drugs in the hope that tumorous cells will be destroyed. The lack of specificity of current drug delivery techniques mean patients' healthy cells are destroyed indiscriminately along with cancer cells.

Using nanotechnology to combat cancer is not new. Abraxane, the first nanoparticulate drug delivery product for the treatment of breast cancer, launched six years ago. There are now hundreds of new nanotech-based treatments under development, ranging from reformulation of existing drugs to enhance their efficacy to radical new "magic bullet" therapies.

The healthcare market is changing. We are seeing a paradigm shift away from blockbusters and a 'one-size fits all' approach to a more personalised medicine based on an individual's unique genome and immune response. The more scientists learn about the molecular causes for disease the more targeted and effective nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery therapies will become.

Table of ContentsTABLE OF EXHIBITS 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 12

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 17REPORT SCOPE 17

METHODOLOGY 18

Procurement 18

Calculation of CAGR 19

THE NANOSCALE 20

Two biological examples that illustrate nanoscale: 20

CHAPTER 2 – NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 22OVERVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 22

Why is Nanotechnology A Critical Application for Medicine and Biomedicine? 22

Why Nanotechnology Is Needed for Medicine and Biomedicine 24

WHAT ARE THE KEY DRIVERS FOR ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND

BIOMEDICINE? 27

The Aim Of Drug Targeting 27

Rapid Market Growth 28

Market Drivers For Enhanced Drug Delivery 28

Increasing Proportion of The Ageing Population 29

Demand For More Affordable Health Care 31

Public Health – Ending disease 31

Demand for More Innovation 31

Social responsibility 31

THE KEY APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 32

How Nanotechnology Can Benefit Drug Delivery 33

Nanotechnology in Medical and Biomedical Diagnostics 34

Nanotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering 34

Other Applications For Nanomaterials In The Medical And Pharmaceutical Sector 34

PROMISING EXAMPLES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY ENABLED DRUG DELIVERY 35

Case Study 1 – Magnetic Field Acts as "Remote Control" to Deliver Nanomedicine 35

Case Study 2 - Adaptive Micro and Nanoparticles: Temporal Control Over Carrier

Properties to Facilitate Drug Delivery 36

Case Study 3 – Fabrication of a Nanocarrier System Through Self-Assembly of Plasma

Protein And Its Tumour Targeting 39

Case Study 4 – IBM And The Institute of Bioengineering And Nanotechnology Find

Breakthrough For MRSA 39

CHAPTER 3 – RISK & REGULATION 43THREE KEY BARRIERS TO THE ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND

BIOMEDICINE 43

Nanotoxicity Nanopollution and Nanosafety 43

Ethical Considerations Of Nanotherapies 45

Delayed Nanoregulation 46

FIVE CURRENT & FUTURE CHALLENGES IN THE ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN

MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 48

Current & Future Challenges of Nanosafety And Risk Management 48

Current & Future Challenges of Nanoregulation 51

Current & Future Challenges for the Nanomedicine Industry 53

Current & Future Challenges of Sustained Innovation 54

Current & Future Challenges of Cooperation 54

CHAPTER 4 – MARKET FOR NANOCARRIERS 57GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS: 2000-2010 (WITHOUT SEGMENTATION) 57

GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST: 2011-2021 (WITHOUT SEGMENTATION) 60

DISCUSSION OF NANOPARTICLES & NANOCARRIERS 63

Overview of The Key Nanotechnologies Used in Drug Delivery Sorted by Applications 63

Nanopharmaceuticals 63

Nanotechnology In Drug Delivery 63

Nanobiotechnology In Drug Delivery 64

Analytical Techniques For Nanoparticle Drug Delivery 65

Properties 65

Production of Nanoparticles 65

Measuring Dispersion of Nanoparticles 66

Characterisation of Carrier Systems 67

Nanocarriers 68

Classification of Nanocarriers 68

Multifunctional Nanocarriers - Drug Delivery And Medical / Biomedical Diagnostics 69

Nanocarriers as Drug Carriers 69

What Can Nanoparticles do in Drug Delivery? 69

Polymer-Based Nanocarriers (Polymeric Nanoparticles) 73

Lipid-Based Nanocarriers 75

Organic Nanocarriers 78

Inorganic Nanocarriers 78

Disadvantages Associated With Nanocarriers 79

The Most Relevant Technologies in The Key Area of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery 80

Stage of Development of Key Nanotechnologies Used in Drug Delivery 80

Clinically Approved Nanocarrier-Based Drug Formulations With Presence on The Market

The First Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System Reaches The Market 81

Present And Future Applications 84

TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION ROADMAP 86

Projected Product Pipeline For Nanocarrier-Based Drug Formulations In Drug Delivery

Market 86

Available Applications Of Nanoparticles In Drug Delivery 87

Semapimod® (cytokine, pharmasciences) 89

Paxceed™ 89

Theralux™ 90

Nucryst® 90

iSPERSE™ 91

ANALYSIS OF TAM FOR NANOCARRIERS: 2000-2010 93

TAM FORECAST FOR NANOCARRIERS: 2011-2021 99

APPENDIX 108

PUBLISHING ACTIVITY BY ORGANIZATION (2000-2010) 108

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