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Category Archives: BioEngineering

US-Based University Develops Hand-Held, Automatic Ventilators To Fight Coronavirus – News Nation

Houston:

A prominent university in Texas has developed an inexpensive, automatic and hand-held ventilator that could soon be available to doctors in the US and help them combat the coronavirus pandemic that has infected over 164,000 people and claimed the lives of 3,170 others in the country. Across the United States, hospitals are facing shortages of ventilators, some medical device makers have agreed to ramp up supplies. But because patients diagnosed with or suspected to have COVID-19 often require breathing support, there is widespread concern that these devices won''t be developed and shipped quickly enough.

Texas-based Rice University and Canadian global health design firm Metric Technologies have developed an automated bag valve mask ventilation unit that can be built for less than USD 300 worth of parts and help patients undergoing treatment for COVID-19. The collaboration expects to share the plans for the ventilator by making them freely available online to anyone in the world. The varsity team designed and built a programmable device able to squeeze a bag valve mask. These masks are typically carried by emergency medical personnel to help get air into the lungs of people having difficulty breathing on their own. But the masks are difficult to squeeze by hand for more than a few minutes at a time.

"It's automatic, electric, and works independently of a tech," Wettergreen, a varsity professor and member of the Design Kitchen team, told PTI. "It's not designed for people who are critical cases, but rather who are in respiratory distress," the professor said. That delineation is important: the automated Bag Mask Valve (BVM) would take less-critical patients off ventilators and free them up for only those in dire need. The benefit could be a game changer for those on the front lines of the COVID-19 battle, Wettergreen said.

"When a crisis hits, we use our skills to contribute solutions. If you can help, you should, and I''m proud that were responding to the call," said the professor. The design has caught the attention of the Department of Defense, which may authorise the Navy to utilise it in the near future. It's a huge feat for the small unit, dubbed the Apollo BVM team, whose students worked around the clock and took classes online in order to deliver the project as soon as possible.

Rohith Malya - an assistant professor of emergency medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, an adjunct assistant professor of bioengineering at Rice, and a principal at Metric Technologies - coined the name as a tribute to Rice''s history with NASA and former US President John F Kennedy''s now-famous speech kicking off the nation''s efforts to go to the moon.

"This project appeals to our ingenuity, it's a Rice-based project and it's for all of humanity. And we''re on an urgent timescale. We decided to throw it all on the table and see how far we go," he said. Malya inspired the Rice project two years ago after seeing families try to keep critically ill loved ones at the Kwai River Christian Hospital in Thailand alive by bag-ventilating them for hours on end.

He expects the new Apollo BVM to serve that purpose eventually, but the need is now worldwide. "This is a clinician-informed end-to-end design that repurposes the existing BVM global inventory toward widespread and safe access to mechanical ventilation," Malya said, noting that more than 100 million bag valve masks are manufactured around the world each year.

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Food Grade Fumaric Acid Market Size Overview, Top Companies, Inventive Trends and Forecast to 2037 – Jewish Life News

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Food Grade Fumaric Acid Market Size Overview, Top Companies, Inventive Trends and Forecast to 2037 - Jewish Life News

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World Bank Approves 500 Million Project to Develop Green Resilient and Safe Highways in India | Cuttack NYOOOZ – NYOOOZ

New Delhi: The World Bank Board of Executive Directors today approved a $500 million project to build safe and green national highway corridors in the Indian states of Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.The project will also enhance the capacity of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) in mainstreaming safety and green technologies.India's road network of 5.48 million km carries 65 percent of freight traffic and 85 percent of passenger traffic.The Green National Highways Corridors Project will support MoRTH construct 783 km of highways in various geographies by integrating safe and green technology designs such as local and marginal materials, industrial byproducts, and other bioengineering solutions.The Bank will leverage its global knowledge in green transport and support the states in mainstreaming climate resilience, resource efficiency, and green solutions in the development and maintenance of National Highways.

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Heres what researchers at IIT Guwahati are doing to tackle the COVID-19 problem – YourStory

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to almost all countries around the world, with the number of cases increasing by a bigger margin. Currently, the total number of cases in India has gone up to 753, with 20 deaths reported as per Worldometer. In these testing times, many IITs across India are working on different ways to tackle the virus from developing sanitisers to finding a cure.

A team of researchers at IIT Guwahati, led by Professor Sachin Kumar, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, are working towards developing a vaccine, along with developing rapid detection and portable diagnostic kits for different types of viruses and microorganisms.

The team consists of PhD students, MTech students, Junior Research Fellows and Post Doctoral Fellows. Recently, the team had developed a vaccine against Japanese encephalitis and classical swine fever virus, and their research was published in the journals Vaccine and Archives of Virology, respectively. The researchers are trying to learn if they can use the same tool that they had developed for the encephalitis so that it could be used for COVID-19 as well.

And its not just the vaccine that they are working on, but they are also working to develop the first line of protection.

The institute, like many others, has already created hand sanitisers as prescribed by the WHO. These sanitisers are distributed to everyone on the campus, including visitors.

India still has long way to go when it comes to fighting the pandemic, but the consistent research efforts by the many institutions give hope to the cause.

(Edited by Kanishk Singh)

Do you have an interesting story to share? Please write to us at tci@yourstory.com. To stay updated with more positive news, please connect with us on Facebook and Twitter.

How has the coronavirus outbreak disrupted your life? And how are you dealing with it? Write to us or send us a video with subject line 'Coronavirus Disruption' to editorial@yourstory.com

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UCSF partners with Oura smart ring to study early detection of COVID-19 – FierceHealthcare

The University of California San Francisco is arming 2,000 frontline healthcare workers with the Oura smart ring for potential early detection of COVID-19 symptoms.

The Finnish startup, which hasU.S. headquarters in San Francisco, issponsoring research at UCSF to study whether physiological data collected by the Oura ring, combined with responses to daily symptom surveys, can predict illness symptoms.

The study aims to build an algorithm to help UCSF identify patterns of onset, progression, and recovery, for COVID-19, the company said.

The UCSF TemPredict study will focus on front-line healthcare workers and willalsobe open to Oura users in the general population.

Consumer adoption of wearables like the Fitbit and Apple Watch has quickly grown but doctors have questioned the clinical value of the data. Apple added an electrocardiogram feature to the latest version of the Apple Watch but cardiologists have cautioned that the ECG feature is not reliable to detectatrial fibrillation (AFib).

Researchers and clinicians now see opportunities to use wearables data for disease tracking and surveillance.

RELATED:UPDATED Coronavirus tracker: Fauci chats with Steph Curry on Instagram Live; Pence: Feds working to convert devices to ventilators

The study is especially urgent as nationwide frontline healthcare workers are at risk of passing the virus while asymptomatic. Six UCSF healthcare workers are currently diagnosed with the virus, and two ER doctors remain in critical condition from COVID-19 in Washington state and New Jersey.

The smart rings can trackchanges in users' body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Healthcare workers using the rings can use this information to betterunderstand early warning signs of infection and toseek treatment, isolate themselves or stay home from work, according to the company.

The research team has hypothesizedthat the Oura ring could anticipate COVID-19 onset by as many as two to three days before the onset of more obvious symptoms, like coughing.

The researchteam hopes to develop a COVID-19 early detection device by fall, when infectious disease experts worry coronavirus will return for a second wave, the San Francisco Chronicle reported.

It will help people self-quarantine sooner, get treatment sooner, said Dr. Ashley Mason, the UCSF assistant psychiatry professor who developed the project and is the lead investigator, according to the San Francisco Chronicle.

Its expected back in the fall and we need to have tools ready, Mason said.

Oura is conducting theresearch in partnership with the University of California healthcare providers and schools, and doctors at both UCSF and the University of California San Diego are running the study.

RELATED:How health systems will need to rethink their workforces amid COVID-19 surges

The Oura smart ring's ability to track body temperature is an important biological signal, according to Ben Smarr, Ph.D., an assistant professor of bioengineering and data science at UCSD, who will help crunch data as part of the study.

Smarr believes continuous data from wearablescan be highly valuable in tracking health and predicting illness.

"When you have time-series data, sotemperature every minute instead of once a day thatturns itfrom biomarker into a signal. We can begin toreimagine how healthcare works," he said.

He added, "This opportunity came along with UCSF tofocusthis research where we can make a difference and build some COVID detection systems."

Researchers will use this information as they attempt to identify patterns that could predict onset, progression, and recovery in future cases of COVID-19. If this approach is successful, it could open the door for research into tracking and managing other illnesses and conditions, the research team said.

Scripps Research Translational Institute has launched an app-based research study to analyze data from smartwatches or activity trackers, such as a Fitbit, Apple Watch, Amazfit or Garmin Watch.

The study, calledDETECT, aims to test whether this dataincluding heart rates, sleep and activity levelscan help to more quickly detect the emergence of influenza, coronavirus and other fast-spreading viral illnesses.

Researchers are seeking members of the public who are 18 or older and use a smartwatch or activity tracker, such as a Fitbit, Apple Watch, Amazfit or Garmin Watch, to join thestudy and consent to share their data through theMyDataHelps mobile app.

By usingkey data points from these wearable devices, scientists believe they can improve real-time surveillance of contagious respiratory illnesses.

RELATED:Former FDA chief Gottlieb has dire warnings about hitting the brakes on social distancing measures

Early detection is critical for effective public health response to infectious disease outbreaks and for improving treatments.

"In light of the ongoing flu season and the global pandemic of COVID-19, we see enormous opportunity to enhance disease tracking for improved population health, saysJennifer Radin, Ph.D., an epidemiologist at the Scripps Research Translational Institute who is leading the study. One way to do this is to leverage and analyze the rich health data thats already being collected by the millions of Americans who regularly use wearable devices.

Scripps Research is working with health technology company CareEvolution on the study.

Scripps Researchs prior work has demonstrated that passively collected data from consumer-grade wearable technologies can be not only a valuable marker of recent and current flu-like illnesses but a promising predictor of an impending illness that may not be perceived by the individual yet, saidVik Kheterpal, MD, principal at CareEvolution.

Earlier this year, a study by Scripps Research Translational Institute showed that by analyzing de-identified data from approximately 47,000 users of Fitbit devices equipped with heart rate tracking capabilities, they couldsignificantly improve predictionsof influenza-like illness at the state level when compared with data from the CDC.

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This Fulbright scholar wants to find ways to prevent or slow the spread of cancer – News@Northeastern

Studying a laminated poster of a human cell diagram on the wall of his fifth-grade classroom, with its kaleidoscope-colored blobs and globules the names and functions of which he barely understood, a young Jake Potts found his gaze wandering to the image of the endoplasmic reticulum.

He remembered observing how from a birds-eye view the circular grooves of the membrane system bore a striking resemblance to an orchestra. Only later in life did Potts come to understand the significance of that moment, epiphanizing, A seed of synesthesia between biology and music took root in my soul.

That was nearly a decade ago. Today, Potts is a bioengineering student at Northeastern on the path to earning a doctoral degree in genetics. He plays solo and ensemble violin as a member of the Northeastern University Symphony Orchestra and the Harvard Medical School Chamber Music Society.

In his third year of genetics research and eleventh playing violin, the harmony of these dual identities continues to pulsate within Potts. He imagines himself at once a composer whose imagination comes alive in the lab as he inscribes genetic code, and as a musician held captive to the whims of a conductor leading a string ensemblemuch like the nucleus in a cell directs the synthesis of ribosomes.

As a researcher at Northeastern, Potts has applied his analytical and engineering mind to the study of genetics and disease in the classroom and in the lab, cultivating strong chemistry and biology skills required to work in gene editing. And, he has helped to develop better cancer detection methods from improved computational image processing.

Potts participated in a Dialogue of Civilizations program in Chile, where he acquired and analyzed samples of microbes from the Atacama Desert to search for new antibiotics. He also completed a semester abroad in Paris, where he joined a Sorbonne University lab and applied bioengineering concepts to optimize a protocol to study DNA resilience in tardigrades.

Potts has been awarded a Fulbright scholarship, a prestigious award that provides grants for research projects or English teaching assistant programs. He says he will use the scholarship to return to the Sorbonne to try to determine how certain cancerous mutations happen as DNA is misrepaired, a process that occurs when, say, radiation or harsh chemicals break the two strands of our DNA, and our cells respond by trying to repair this damage. His research could result in therapeutic strategies to prevent or slow the progression of cancer.

I really took to not only all the fascinating gene-editing work they were doing there [at Sorbonne University], but the sense of camaraderie and candor I felt with them, and thats what I have to look forward to, Potts says.

Timothy Lannin, an assistant teaching professor of bioengineering at Northeastern who has taught three of Pottss courses, including his capstone, where Potts helped develop a tool to investigate the mechanical properties of lung tissue, lauded Potts as a superlative student and researcher.

I must admit that conversations with Jake have been so stimulating that Ive missed my train to continue talking, Lannin says. He has synthesized knowledge from his other courses to teach me things I didnt know about cellular engineering.

Potts says he was proud and elated to have been chosen for the Fulbright. Past winners have included former United States Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, author Jonathan Franzen, and soprano Renee Fleming.

It felt like validation of how I chose to approach genetics research, he says. I decided early on here at Northeastern that by working in various labs and thus putting myself into more environments where I have to learn anew, Id gain a broader exposure to techniques and ideas, and challenge myself to be more creative. The result of that is my Fulbright project proposal, which I used concepts from different lab experiences to come up with. Now that the idea is there, I get to see if it works.

For media inquiries, please contact media@northeastern.edu.

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